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依赖问题 libsensors4

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依赖问题 libsensors4

我刚刚尝试从 Ubuntu 18.04 升级到 20.04。升级似乎成功了。但是，我无法摆脱依赖关系问题libsensors4。

运行sudo apt upgrade收益：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgl1-mesa-dri : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.0.0) but it is not installable
 lm-sensors : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.1.1) but it is not installable
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

并sudo apt --fix-broken install得出：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgl1-mesa-dri : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.0.0) but it is not installable
 lm-sensors : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.1.1) but it is not installable
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

我尝试安装libsensors4，但得到：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package libsensors4 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
  libsensors4:i386 libsensors-config

E: Package 'libsensors4' has no installation candidate

运行sudo apt list libgl1-mesa-dri收益：

Listing... Done
libgl1-mesa-dri/now 1:20.0~git200108124800.ad4fb7e~b~padoka0 amd64 [installed,local]
libgl1-mesa-dri/focal-updates,focal-security 21.2.6-0ubuntu0.1~20.04.2 i386

我无法再通过 apt 安装任何东西。我看到其他几个问题中也出现了相关问题，但出于某种原因，没有一个答案能让我解决问题。提前感谢您的帮助，如果需要，我很乐意提供更多信息！

编辑 的输出apt-cache rdepends lm-sensors是

lm-sensors
Reverse Depends:
  libsensors-config
  libsensors4
  inxi
  libsensors5
  libsensors-config
  libsensors5

输出apt-cache rdepends libgl1-mesa-dri为

libgl1-mesa-dri
Reverse Depends:
  qml-module-qtquick2
  libwine
  libglx-mesa0
  xserver-xorg-video-nouveau
  xserver-xorg-core
  xserver-xorg-core
  xserver-xephyr
  libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37
  libglx-mesa0
  xserver-xorg-core
  xserver-xorg-core
  xserver-xephyr
  xserver-xorg
  libglx-mesa0
  xorg
  libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37

最后，输出如下sudo dpkg -l | grep '^.[^i]'：https://pastebin.com/2zyg4mHB

答案1

在开始之前，请确保您已备份所有重要文件。

的输出sudo dpkg -l | grep '^.[^i]'显示很多文件rc的第一列带有。这些字符的含义可以研究这里。 简而言之：

第一个字符：第一个字符表示所需状态。

u: Unknown (an unknown state)
i: Install (marked for installation)
r: Remove (marked for removal)
p: Purge (marked for purging)
h: Hold

第二个角色：第二个字符表示当前状态，是否已安装。可能的值包括：

n: Not- The package is not installed
i: Inst – The package is successfully installed
c: Cfg-files – Configuration files are present
u: Unpacked- The package is stilled unpacked
f: Failed-cfg- Failed to remove configuration files
h: Half-inst- The package is only partially installed
W: trig-aWait
t: Trig-pend

第三个角色：对应错误状态，可能的值包括：

R: Reinst-required The package must be installed.

您列出的所有软件包都已标记为rc，并标记为要删除，但由于某些原因apt无法删除它们。让我们尝试自己解决这个问题：

  1. 打开终端窗口并输入命令sudo dpkg --configure -a。如果此命令不起作用，请尝试sudo dpkg --remove -a。这些命令后面应该跟着sudo apt install --fix-broken命令。如果此命令没有解决您的问题，请转到步骤 2。

  2. 将以下 bash 脚本保存到名为 的文件中remove_conflicting_pkgs.sh。

    #!/bin/bash
while read ; do
    dpkg --remove --force-all "$REPLY" || echo "$REPLY" >> 00__REMOVAL_FAILED.list
done << __EOF
acl
apg
apt-offline
apturl-common
bluejeans-v2
cmake-data
colord
debian-archive-keyring
deja-dup
dell-eula
dell-recovery-bootloader
dmraid
gconf2
gnome-initial-setup
gnome-paint
gnustep-base-runtime
gnustep-common
gtk-recordmydesktop
hplip
icedtea-netx
icedtea-netx-common
kpartx-boot
libbonobo2-0
libbonobo2-common
libgnome2-common
libgnomevfs2-common
libgtk-3-0
libgvc6
libqtcore4
libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer
libsane-common
libsane-hpaio
libsane1
libsane1
libsensors4
libsensors4
libsnmp-base
libthunarx-2-0
linux-image-4.15.0-1043-oem
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linux-modules-4.15.0-1097-oem
linux-modules-4.15.0-1099-oem
linux-modules-4.15.0-1100-oem
linux-modules-4.15.0-1101-oem
linux-modules-4.15.0-1103-oem
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linux-modules-4.15.0-126-generic
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linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-110-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-113-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-117-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-120-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-121-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-122-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-124-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-125-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-126-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-128-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-131-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-132-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-135-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-136-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-137-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-139-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-144-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-146-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-147-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-148-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-149-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-150-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-58-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-59-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-65-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-66-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-67-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-70-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-71-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-72-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-73-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-74-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-77-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-80-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-81-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-84-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-86-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-87-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-89-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-90-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-91-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-92-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-94-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-96-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-97-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-99-generic
locale-support-plugin
metacity-common
mysql-common
odbcinst
oem-config
oem-config-gtk
oem-fix-bt-intel-tlp-blacklist-cyclonepeak2-bt
oem-fix-eth-realtek-disabletlpr8153
oem-workaround-ubiquity-no-early-microcode
printer-driver-gutenprint
python
sane
sane-utils
tlp
tlp-rdw
tlp-sensible
ubuntu-system-service
vlc-plugin-notify
vlc-plugin-qt
vlc-plugin-samba
vlc-plugin-skins2
vlc-plugin-video-splitter
vlc-plugin-visualization
wine-stable
wine-stable-amd64
wine-stable-i386
wine-staging
wine-staging-amd64
wine-staging-i386
xfce4-volumed
__EOF

    然后打开一个终端窗口。cd转到保存脚本的目录。现在以以下方式运行脚本：sudo bash remove_conflicting_pkgs.sh。删除所有软件包需要一些时间，因为您需要删除大约 473 个软件包。因此，请耐心等待脚本完成。命令dpkg --remove --force-all pkg_name失败的软件包将是附加00__REMOVAL_FAILED.list到与脚本位于同一目录中的文件remove_conflicting_pkgs.sh。删除所有这些包后，运行sudo apt install --fix-broken。就这样。

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