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解析冒号分隔的值对（nmcli 输出）并转换为 JSON fromat

tag-icon • tag-icon shell-script text-processing json jq nmcli
解析冒号分隔的值对（nmcli 输出）并转换为 JSON fromat

我写了一个脚本将 的输出转换 nmcli --mode multiline dev wifi为 JSON，但我发现它不一致（当结果有空格时中断），又长又难读。

我想知道是否可以将结果直接通过管道传输到jq.

输出nmcli（我的脚本的输入）如下所示：

*:                                       
SSID:                                   VIDEOTRON2255
MODE:                                   Infra
CHAN:                                   11
RATE:                                   54 Mbit/s
SIGNAL:                                 69
BARS:                                   ▂▄▆_
SECURITY:                               WPA1 WPA2
*:                                      * 
SSID:                                   VIDEOTRON2947
MODE:                                   Infra
CHAN:                                   6
RATE:                                   54 Mbit/s
SIGNAL:                                 49
BARS:                                   ▂▄__
SECURITY:                               WPA1 WPA2

我希望生成这样的东西：

[{
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2255",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "11",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "69",
    "bars": "▂▄▆_",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
},
{
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2947",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "6",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "49",
    "bars": "▂▄__",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
}]

我问了一个相关问题早些时候。这是第一个脚本我写的基于吉尔斯的回答。它适用于某些值，但不适用于带有空格的security或rate。

答案1

您链接到的脚本效率极低 - 您正在执行大量无用的预处理...在模式下
使用，因为根据手册，nmcli--terse“这种模式是专为计算机（脚本）处理而设计的”，指定所需的字段并将输出通过管道传输到jq -sR例如

printf '%s' "$(nmcli -f ssid,mode,chan,rate,signal,bars,security -t dev wifi)" | \
jq -sR 'split("\n") | map(split(":")) | map({"network": .[0],
                                             "mode": .[1],
                                             "channel": .[2],
                                             "rate": .[3],
                                             "signal": .[4],
                                             "bars": .[5],
                                             "security": .[6]})'

答案2

这GNU sed代码不是jq，（它不是一个复杂的转换），但它似乎工作得足够好，（甚至酒吧出来就OK了）：

nmcli --mode multiline dev wifi | 
sed    '/^*/! {s/^[A-Z]*/\L&/
               s/ssid/network/
               s/: */": "/
               s/$/"/
               {/^sec/!s/$/,/}
               s/^/\t"/}
        1     s/^\*.*/[{/
        /^\*/ s/.*/},\n{/
        $  {p;s/.*/}]/}'

更容易阅读独立pcsvp.sed脚本（保存到文件，然后运行chmod +x pcsvp.sed）：

#!/bin/sed -f
# Text lines (the non "*:" lines.)
/^*/! {s/^[A-Z]*/\L&/
       s/ssid/network/
       s/: */": "/
       s/$/"/
       {/^sec/!s/$/,/}
       s/^/\t"/}

# First JSON line
1     s/^\*.*/[{/

# Middle JSON lines.  If a line begins with a '*'...
/^\*/ s/.*/},\n{/

# Last line, close up the JSON.
$     {p;s/.*/}]/}

要运行它，请执行以下操作：

nmcli --mode multiline dev wifi | ./pcsvp.sed

注：由于有对输入文件的疑问，我选择使用nmcli输入代替。在我所在的位置，这显示了大约 50 个网络，这使得生成的输出太长，无法在此处引用。

如果输入样本拼写错误被更正，./pcsvp.sed input.txt则输出：

[{
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2255",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "11",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "69",
    "bars": "▂▄▆_",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
},
{
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2947",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "6",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "49",
    "bars": "▂▄__",
    "security": "WEP"
}]

答案3

复杂的jq解决方案（BARS删除该行，因为它包含不规则/非 ASCII 字符）：

输入文件input.txt：

*:                                       
SSID:                                   VIDEOTRON2255
MODE:                                   Infra
CHAN:                                   11
RATE:                                   54 Mbit/s
SIGNAL:                                 69
SECURITY:                               WPA1 WPA2
*:                                      * 
SSID:                                   VIDEOTRON2947
MODE:                                   Infra
CHAN:                                   6
RATE:                                   54 Mbit/s
SIGNAL:                                 49
SECURITY:                               WPA1 WPA2

工作：

jq -sR '[ gsub("[*]: *\n| {2,}";"") | gsub("SSID";"network") | split("\n[*]:[*] +\n";"n")[] 
    | [ capture("(?<key>[^:\n]+):(?<value>[^:\n]+)";"g") | .key |= (. | ascii_downcase) ] 
    | from_entries ]' input.txt

输出：

[
  {
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2255",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "11",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "69",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
  },
  {
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2947",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "6",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "49",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
  }
]

提出/发布的另一个特定输入的附加方法https://pastebin.com/8stHSUeu：

jq -sR '[sub("[*]: *[*]\n";"") | gsub(" {2,}";"") | gsub("SSID";"network") 
  | split("\n[*]: *\n";"n")[] 
  | [ capture("(?<key>[^:\n]+):(?<value>[^:\n]+)";"g") | .key |= (. | ascii_downcase) ] 
  | from_entries]' input.txt

答案4

如果可以的话，请使用能够前后理解 JSON 的工具。我会使用Python：

#! /usr/bin/env python3
import json
import re
import sys

objects = []
obj = {}
for line in sys.stdin:
    entry = re.split(':\s*', line.strip(), maxsplit=1) # split on first `:`
    if entry[0] == '*':
        if obj:  # skip a null entry (the first, here)
            obj['network'] = obj.pop('ssid') # rename the SSID entry
            objects.append(obj)
        obj = {} # start a new object for each `*`
        continue
    obj[entry[0].lower()] = entry[1]  # lowercase the key
obj['network'] = obj.pop('ssid') # rename the SSID entry
objects.append(obj)
json.dump(objects, sys.stdout)

让我明白：

[{"mode": "Infra", "chan": "11", "rate": "54 Mbit/s", "signal": "69", "bars": "\u2582\u2584\u2586_", "security": "WPA1 WPA2", "network": "VIDEOTRON2255"}, {"ssid": "VIDEOTRON2947", "mode": "Infra", "chan": "6", "rate": "54 Mbit/s", "signal": "49", "bars": "\u2582\u2584__", "security": "WPA1 WPA2"}]

当打印精美时jq是：

[
  {
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "11",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "69",
    "bars": "▂▄▆_",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2",
    "network": "VIDEOTRON2255"
  },
  {
    "ssid": "VIDEOTRON2947",
    "mode": "Infra",
    "chan": "6",
    "rate": "54 Mbit/s",
    "signal": "49",
    "bars": "▂▄__",
    "security": "WPA1 WPA2"
  }
]

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