我有一台联想 IdeaPad 14 G3（AMD Ryzen 7 5700U，16GB RAM），刚买一周。它配备了一块 512GB NVMe SSD，上面安装了 Windows。我安装了第二个 500GB NVMe SSD，并在该驱动器上安装了 Kubuntu，以实现双启动系统。
一切似乎都运行良好，但使用几个小时后，笔记本电脑会以奇怪的方式随机崩溃。首先，它开始表现得很奇怪，比如我无法保存或打开文件，Dolphin 或桌面的上下文菜单缺少条目。然后几秒钟后，一些图标开始消失，最后屏幕变黑，我只看到我的鼠标指针。然后我必须按住电源按钮直到笔记本电脑关闭并重新启动，之后一切都正常工作，直到几个小时后的下一次死机。当它慢慢死机时，我看到 Dolphin 只显示我的第一个装有 Windows 的 SSD，但没有显示第二个装有 Linux 的 SSD。也许第二个 SSD 正在随机断开连接？
它发生在使用电池和插入电源时，我也禁用了 UEFI 中的安全启动，但错误仍然存在。
最后一次冻结是在当地时间 7 月 21 日 16:32，我在那一刻关闭了它并等待重新启动直到 16:34，但我的系统日志只有在重新启动后才有条目，它确实包含一些奇怪的字符，导致这篇文章无法继续，所以这里是屏幕截图：
这是当时系统日志的快照。遗憾的是，我不知道如何排除故障，我不知道是否还有其他日志可能有用，或者有什么命令可以用来检查我的 SSD。我怀疑装有 Kubuntu 的 SSD 会随机断开连接，并且系统在逐渐尝试将内容加载到 RAM 时会冻结，但我不知道如何验证和修复这个理论。
免费-h：
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 13Gi 870Mi 12Gi 26Mi 582Mi 12Gi
Swap: 5,6Gi 0B 5,6Gi
虚拟机交换能力：
vm.swappiness = 60
grep -i FPDMA /var/log/syslog* 为空。
sudo dmidecode -s bios 版本
GQCN20WW(V1.06)
grep -i sda /var/log/syslog* 也是空的。
grep -i sdb /var/log/syslog*：
Jul 15 23:38:33 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 15 23:38:33 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[986]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 15 23:38:33 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[986]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 15 23:47:48 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 15 23:47:48 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[812]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 15 23:47:48 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[812]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 15 23:47:48 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[812]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 15 23:49:26 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL PackageKit: in /7_acbedbed for update-packages package samba-dsdb-modules;2:4.13.3+dfsg-1ubuntu2.1;amd64;ubuntu-hirsute-updates-main was updating for uid 0
Jul 15 23:51:03 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL PackageKit: in /8_abdabedc for update-packages package samba-dsdb-modules;2:4.13.3+dfsg-1ubuntu2.1;amd64;ubuntu-hirsute-updates-main was installing for uid 0
Jul 15 23:51:03 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL PackageKit: in /8_abdabedc for update-packages package samba-dsdb-modules;2:4.13.3+dfsg-1ubuntu2.1;amd64;ubuntu-hirsute-updates-main was installing for uid 0
Jul 16 13:18:38 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 13:18:38 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[800]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 13:18:38 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[800]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:18:38 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[800]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:26:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 13:26:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[766]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 13:26:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[766]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:26:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[766]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:31:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 13:31:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[752]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 13:31:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[752]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:31:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[752]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:57:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 13:57:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[758]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 13:57:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[758]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 13:57:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[758]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 15:42:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 15:42:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 15:42:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 15:42:23 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 16:03:14 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 16:03:14 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 16:03:14 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 16:03:14 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:38:55 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 19:38:55 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[756]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 19:38:55 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[756]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:38:55 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[756]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:40:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 19:40:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[750]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 19:40:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[750]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:40:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[750]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:47:51 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 19:47:51 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[761]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 19:47:51 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[761]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 19:47:51 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[761]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 20:41:28 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 20:41:28 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[760]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 20:41:28 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[760]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 20:41:28 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[760]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 22:01:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 16 22:01:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[776]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 16 22:01:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[776]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 16 22:01:53 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[776]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 18:49:15 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 18 18:49:15 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 18 18:49:15 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 18:49:15 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:32:00 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 18 22:32:00 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 18 22:32:00 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:32:00 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:40:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 18 22:40:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 18 22:40:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:40:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:48:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 18 22:48:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 18 22:48:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 18 22:48:54 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 12:15:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 19 12:15:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 19 12:15:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 12:15:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[745]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 15:20:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 19 15:20:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 19 15:20:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 15:20:52 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[763]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 18:30:37 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 19 18:30:37 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 19 18:30:37 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 18:30:37 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[762]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 20:27:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 19 20:27:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 19 20:27:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 19 20:27:19 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 20 14:13:17 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL systemd[1]: Found device WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101 EFI\x20system\x20partition.
Jul 20 14:13:17 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101, S/N:210248804767, FW:21160001, 512 GB
Jul 20 14:13:17 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
Jul 20 14:13:17 rouben-ThinkBook-14-G3-ACL smartd[748]: Device: /dev/nvme0, state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_PC_SN530_SDBPMPZ_512G_1101-210248804767.nvme.state
grep: /var/log/syslog: binary file matches
grep -i nvme /var/log/syslog* https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/GMT4BvQ7jX/
sudo lshw -C 内存：
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: LENOVO
physical id: 0
version: GQCN20WW(V1.06)
date: 04/29/2021
size: 128KiB
capacity: 32MiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1 - Cache
size: 512KiB
capacity: 512KiB
clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2 - Cache
size: 4MiB
capacity: 4MiB
clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3 - Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 22
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 16GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 3200 MHz (0,3 ns)
product: HMAA1GS6CJR6N-XN
vendor: Hynix
physical id: 0
serial: 22964AED
slot: DIMM 0
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 3200MHz (0.3ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 3200 MHz (0,3 ns)
product: M471A1G44AB0-CWE
vendor: Samsung
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: DIMM 0
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 3200MHz (0.3ns)
答案1
BIOS
联想 IdeaPad 14 G3 21A20005GE
您的 BIOS 版本为 GQCN20WW(V1.06)。您拥有最新的 BIOS。
固件
WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101，序列号：210248804767，固件：21160001，512 GB
WDC WDS500G2B0C-00PXH0，序列号：20360D443605，固件：211070WD，500 GB
下载Western Digital Dashboard自这里并检查 WD NVME SSD 的固件。Windows 或 FreeDOS (http://freedos.org） 必需的。
更新＃1：
free -h报告 13G RAM，这是一个奇怪的数量。
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 13Gi 870Mi 12Gi 26Mi 582Mi 12Gi
Swap: 5,6Gi 0B 5,6Gi
sudo lshw -C memory报告安装了16G RAM（8G x 2）。
去https://www.memtest86.com/并免费下载/运行它们memtest来测试你的记忆力。至少完成一次所有 4/4 测试以确认记忆力良好。这可能需要几个小时才能完成。
笔记：确保 memtest 报告 16G RAM
答案2
在“突然关机”（又称“系统崩溃”）并重新启动后，终端命令sudo journalctl -b -1 -e将显示上一次启动日志的结尾。如果那里没有任何提示，则怀疑电源/过热。
阅读man journalctl以了解如何从日志中提取信息。
journalctl您可以在 了解我如何更轻松地利用https://askubuntu.com/users/25618/waltinator。