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我如何通过句柄关闭窗口？

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我如何通过句柄关闭窗口？

有谁知道有哪个应用程序可以根据句柄关闭窗口吗？命令行很好。

请注意，我并不想终止相应的应用程序，而是希望终止该应用程序所拥有的模态窗口。

理由：

有时，我的笔记本电脑主窗口下方会打开一个模式对话框。VS 和 Firefox 中不止一次出现过这种情况。非常烦人。

我可以使用 Spy++ 定位该窗口，但没有办法将其终止。

编辑：

允许向任意窗口发送消息的应用程序也很好，我想我可以发送像 WM_CLOSE 之类的消息。

编辑：

我想强调的是，我对关闭可见窗口不感兴趣。重点是处理当模式对话框在所属窗口下方打开时出现的丑陋异常，这种情况确实发生过，而且在我使用 VS 和 Firefox 时不止一次。因此，理想的解决方案是通过窗口句柄关闭窗口，或者如果它可以专门找到被遮挡的窗口并将它们调出。

答案1

好的，我制作了一个可以解决这个问题的小应用程序。

截屏

你可以下载这里。

用法：

  1. 启动程序
  2. 将鼠标悬停在要关闭的窗口上（不要单击它）
  3. 按删除键。

它向鼠标光标下的窗口发送 wm_close。

下面是 Delphi 代码...

unit uCloseWindow;

interface

uses
  Windows, Forms, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Controls;

type
  TfrmMain = class(TForm)
    procedure FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word; Shift: TShiftState);
  public
  end;

var
  frmMain: TfrmMain;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TfrmMain.FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
  Shift: TShiftState);
var
  HandleUnderCursor:HWND;
begin
  if Key=VK_DELETE then
  begin
    HandleUnderCursor := WindowFromPoint(Mouse.CursorPos);
    SendMessage(HandleUnderCursor,WM_CLOSE,0,0)
  end;
end;

end.

答案2

我以此为借口尝试了 Ruby 的 Win32API。

require 'Win32API'

WM_CLOSE = 0x0010
FindWindow = Win32API.new('user32', 'FindWindow', ["P", "P"], "L")
SendMessage = Win32API.new('user32', 'SendMessage', ["L", "L", "P", "P"], "L")

def Send_WM_CLOSE(title)
  handle = FindWindow.call(nil, title)
  SendMessage.call(handle, WM_CLOSE, nil, nil) if handle != 0
end

if ARGV[0].to_i==0
  title=String.new(ARGV[0])
  Send_WM_CLOSE(title)
else
  SendMessage.call(ARGV[0].to_i, WM_CLOSE, nil, nil)
end

使用这个你可以关闭新的记事本

> ruby closewindow.rb "Untitled - Notepad"

或者如果你知道句柄

> ruby closewindow.rb 15794730

答案3

这是一个执行此操作的 Perl 脚本：

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use Win32::GuiTest qw(FindWindowLike SendKeys SetForegroundWindow);

die "Need pattern to match against window titles\n" unless @ARGV;
my ($windowtitle) = @ARGV;

my ($myhandle) = FindWindowLike(0, qr/winclose\.pl/);

my @windows = FindWindowLike(0, qr/\Q$windowtitle\E/i);

for my $handle ( @windows ) {
    next if $handle == $myhandle;
    SetForegroundWindow($handle);
    SendKeys("%{F4}");
}

下面是使用此类脚本的一些娱乐内容（请不要认为这是垃圾邮件，我只是想说明 Perl 的Win32::Gui 测试：http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BAg7K_uwNZs

答案4

因此，这个答案涉及下载一个免费的脚本运行器LINQPad运行脚本然后运行它。运行它，它会要求您将光标放在要关闭的窗口上。它会询问该窗口的标题，向您显示它，然后询问您是否要关闭它。

// close an app's foremost window - will try to just close whatever window the mouse is over first, see if that does the trick
// close works when linqpad runs as administrator. Used to close a modal in linqpad that was stuck
open System.Drawing

module PInvoke = 
    type WindowHandle = nativeint
    module Native = 
        open System.Drawing
        open System.Runtime.InteropServices


        //http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32.SendMessage
        // IntPtr would be fine here, nativeint is more idiomatic
        [<DllImport("User32", SetLastError=true)>]
        extern nativeint private SendMessage(WindowHandle hWnd, int Msg, nativeint wParam, nativeint lParam)

        [<DllImport("User32", EntryPoint="WindowFromPoint", ExactSpelling = true)>]
        extern WindowHandle private WindowFromPoint (Point point)

        // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18184654/find-process-id-by-windows-handle
        //https://stackoverflow.com/a/18184700/57883
        [<DllImport("User32", SetLastError=true)>]
        extern int private GetWindowThreadProcessId(WindowHandle hWnd, int& processId)

        // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1316681/getting-mouse-position-in-c-sharp
        [<DllImport("User32", SetLastError=true)>]
        extern bool private GetCursorPos(Point& lpPoint);

        //https://stackoverflow.com/questions/647236/moving-mouse-cursor-programmatically
        // claims sendInput is better than send messages for clicking
        [<DllImport("User32", SetLastError=true)>]
        extern System.Int64 SetCursorPos(int x, int y);
//        let dll = DllImportAttribute("")

        // But, if you need to get text from a control in another process, GetWindowText() won't work. Use WM_GETTEXT instead.
        // another mapping for StringBuilder out
        // you might need to get the string length from another call before calling this: https://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32.getwindowtext
        [<DllImport("User32",CharSet=CharSet.Auto,EntryPoint="SendMessage")>]
        extern nativeint SendWMText(WindowHandle hWnd, int msg, nativeint wParam, StringBuilder sb);

    open Native

    type SendMessageRaw = {hWnd:nativeint; msg:int; wParam:nativeint; lParam:nativeint}
    type Message<'t> = 
        | Close of windowHandle:nativeint
        | GetText of windowHandle:nativeint * withReturn :(string -> unit)
        | [<Obsolete("Use only for testing, don't leave things unmapped")>]
            Raw of SendMessageRaw

    let ptToParam (pt:System.Drawing.Point) = nativeint (pt.Y <<< 16 ||| pt.X)
    let sendMessage message = 
        let sendMessage a b c d = SendMessage(a,b,c,d)
        match message with
        | Close hwnd ->
            let WM_CLOSE = 0x0010
            printfn "Attempting close"
            sendMessage hwnd WM_CLOSE IntPtr.Zero IntPtr.Zero
        | GetText (hWnd,f) ->

            let WM_GETTEXTLENGTH = 0x000E
            printfn "Getting text length"
            let length: int =int<|SendMessage(hWnd,WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero)
            printfn "Got text length: %i " length
            let mutable sb = StringBuilder(length + 1)

            let WM_GETTEXT = 0x000D

            let result = SendWMText(hWnd,WM_GETTEXT,nativeint (length + 1),sb)
            printfn "Text returned is length %i" sb.Length
            sb.ToString()
            |> f
            result
        | Raw x -> SendMessage(x.hWnd, x.msg, x.wParam, x.lParam)

    let windowFromPoint(pt:Point) = 
        let mutable pt = pt
        let hwnd = WindowFromPoint(pt)
        if hwnd <> IntPtr.Zero then
            Some hwnd
        else None
    let getCursorPos() = 
        let mutable pt = Point()
        match GetCursorPos(&pt) with
        | true -> Some pt
        | false -> None
    let getWindowThreadProcessId hwnd = 
        let mutable pId = 0
        let result = GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, &pId)
        if pId <> 0 then
            Some pId
        else None

type WindowInfo = {PId:int;MainWindowHandle:nativeint; ProcessName:string}
let getWindowInfo hwnd = 
    hwnd
    |> PInvoke.getWindowThreadProcessId
    |> Option.map (Process.GetProcessById)
    |> Option.map (fun p ->
        {PId=p.Id; MainWindowHandle=p.MainWindowHandle; ProcessName=p.ProcessName}
    )

Util.ReadLine("Put the cursor of the desired window") |> ignore
let currentPt = PInvoke.getCursorPos()
printfn "Current Pos is %A" currentPt
currentPt
|> Option.bind(fun pt ->
    PInvoke.windowFromPoint pt
)
|> Option.map(fun hWnd ->
    printfn "Current hWnd is %A" hWnd
    let wi = getWindowInfo hWnd
    printfn "CurrentWindowInfo is %A" wi
    wi.Dump()
    let pid = PInvoke.getWindowThreadProcessId hWnd
    printfn "With pId = %A" pid
    hWnd
)
|> Option.iter(fun hWnd ->
    let text =
        let mutable text:string = null
        let r = PInvoke.sendMessage <| PInvoke.GetText(hWnd,
                    (fun s -> 
                        printfn " got text?"
                        text <- s))
        text
    printfn "Window text:%s" text
    if Util.ReadLine<bool>("Attempt close?") then
        PInvoke.sendMessage (PInvoke.Message.Close( hWnd))
        |> ignore<nativeint>
)

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