过去几天我在使用 gnuplot 软件包时遇到了这个问题。
首先，我执行dpkg --configure -a，这是输出：
Processing triggers for tex-common (6.09) ...
Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gnuplot-qt:
gnuplot-qt depends on gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2); however:
Package gnuplot-data is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package gnuplot-qt (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gnuplot:
gnuplot depends on gnuplot-qt | gnuplot-x11 | gnuplot-nox; however:
Package gnuplot-qt is not configured yet.
Package gnuplot-x11 is not installed.
Package gnuplot-nox is not installed.
Package gnuplot-qt which provides gnuplot-nox is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package gnuplot (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
gnuplot-qt
gnuplot
之后我尝试apt-get update && apt-get upgrade：
Hit:1 http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/linux/kali/kali kali-rolling InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gnuplot-qt : Depends: gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2) but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
最后apt --fix-broken install：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
castxml espeak-data firebird2.5-common firebird2.5-common-doc gccxml
gdebi-core gnome-icon-theme-symbolic gnome-mime-data gnupg-agent gnuplot-tex
gnuplot5-data gnuplot5-qt imagemagick-common iproute libasn1-8-heimdal
libbind9-90 libblas-common libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common
libboost-filesystem1.58.0 libboost-python1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0
libboost-thread1.58.0 libcamel-1.2-54 libclutter-gst-2.0-0 libcrypto++6
libcrypto++9v5 libdbus-1-dev libdns100 libebook-1.2-16 libedataserver-1.2-21
libemu2 libespeak1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libevent-openssl-2.0-5
libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 libgdict-1.0-9 libgdict-common libgeos-3.5.0
libgfortran3 libgif4 libglew1.13 libgmime-2.6-0 libgnome-2-0
libgnome2-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra
libgrilo-0.2-1 libgssapi3-heimdal libgtop-2.0-10 libhcrypto4-heimdal
libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhunspell-1.3-0
libhx509-5-heimdal libical1a libilmbase6v5 libisc95 libisccc90 libisccfg90
libjasper1 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjim0.76 libjpeg9 libjs-mochikit
libkdc2-heimdal libkrb5-26-heimdal libllvm3.7 liblouis9 liblua5.1-0
liblwres90 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-gtk-common libntdb1 libopenexr6v5
liborbit-2-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libpoppler57 libpth20
libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal
libpython3.5-stdlib libqgsttools-p1 libqmi-glib1 libqt5multimedia5-plugins
libqt5multimediawidgets5 libquvi-scripts libquvi7 libradare2-0.9.9 libregfi0
libroken18-heimdal libtracker-control-1.0-0 libtracker-miner-1.0-0
libtracker-sparql-1.0-0 libtrio2 libunistring0 liburcu4 libusbmuxd2
libva-x11-1 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebpdemux1 libwebpmux1
libwebrtc-audio-processing-0 libwind0-heimdal libwireshark6 libwiretap5
libwsutil6 libzip2 python-alembic python-boltons python-characteristic
python-cheetah python-ctypeslib python-dap python-dbus-dev python-distlib
python-ecdsa python-editor python-formencode python-geoip2 python-geojson
python-icalendar python-ipaddr python-lzma python-lzo python-maxminddb
python-mpltoolkits.basemap python-ntdb python-opengl python-openid
python-paste python-pastedeploy python-pastedeploy-tpl python-pastescript
python-pyatspi python-pycryptopp python-pylibemu python-pyotp
python-pyqtgraph python-qt4-gl python-scgi python-smoke-zephyr
python-tempita python-tidylib python-tzlocal python3.4 python3.4-minimal
ruby-rainbow ruby-rexec ruby2.2-dev
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
gnuplot-data
The following NEW packages will be installed:
gnuplot-data
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 166 kB of archives.
After this operation, 416 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/linux/kali/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 gnuplot-data all 5.2.0+dfsg1-2 [166 kB]
Fetched 166 kB in 1s (99.8 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 351586 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking gnuplot-data (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/gnuplot/gnuplot-lua-tikz-common.tex', which is also in package gnuplot-tex 4.6.6-3
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
apt autoremove并apt-get -f install以相同的 gnuplot-data 问题结束。
输出sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex}：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package 'gnuplot-data' is not installed, so not removed
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gnuplot5-data : Depends: gnuplot-tex but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
和输出sudo apt install gnuplot：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
gnuplot is already the newest version (5.2.0+dfsg1-2).
gnuplot set to manually installed.
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gnuplot-qt : Depends: gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
似乎没有做任何事情，所以我尝试了sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex} gnuplot5{,-qt,-data}，因为我没有 gnuplot5-tex：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package 'gnuplot5' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'gnuplot-data' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
aglfn castxml espeak-data firebird2.5-common firebird2.5-common-doc gccxml
gdebi-core gnome-icon-theme-symbolic gnome-mime-data gnupg-agent
imagemagick-common iproute libasn1-8-heimdal libbind9-90 libblas-common
libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libboost-filesystem1.58.0
libboost-python1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0 libboost-thread1.58.0
libcamel-1.2-54 libclutter-gst-2.0-0 libcrypto++6 libcrypto++9v5
libdbus-1-dev libdns100 libebook-1.2-16 libedataserver-1.2-21 libemu2
libespeak1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libevent-openssl-2.0-5
libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 libgdict-1.0-9 libgdict-common libgeos-3.5.0
libgfortran3 libgif4 libglew1.13 libgmime-2.6-0 libgnome-2-0
libgnome2-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra
libgrilo-0.2-1 libgssapi3-heimdal libgtop-2.0-10 libhcrypto4-heimdal
libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhunspell-1.3-0
libhx509-5-heimdal libical1a libilmbase6v5 libisc95 libisccc90 libisccfg90
libjasper1 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjim0.76 libjpeg9 libjs-mochikit
libkdc2-heimdal libkrb5-26-heimdal libllvm3.7 liblouis9 liblua5.1-0
liblwres90 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-gtk-common libntdb1 libopenexr6v5
liborbit-2-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libpoppler57 libpth20
libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal
libpython3.5-stdlib libqgsttools-p1 libqmi-glib1 libqt5multimedia5-plugins
libqt5multimediawidgets5 libquvi-scripts libquvi7 libradare2-0.9.9 libregfi0
libroken18-heimdal libtracker-control-1.0-0 libtracker-miner-1.0-0
libtracker-sparql-1.0-0 libtrio2 libunistring0 liburcu4 libusbmuxd2
libva-x11-1 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebpdemux1 libwebpmux1
libwebrtc-audio-processing-0 libwind0-heimdal libwireshark6 libwiretap5
libwsutil6 libzip2 python-alembic python-boltons python-characteristic
python-cheetah python-ctypeslib python-dap python-dbus-dev python-distlib
python-ecdsa python-editor python-formencode python-geoip2 python-geojson
python-icalendar python-ipaddr python-lzma python-lzo python-maxminddb
python-mpltoolkits.basemap python-ntdb python-opengl python-openid
python-paste python-pastedeploy python-pastedeploy-tpl python-pastescript
python-pyatspi python-pycryptopp python-pylibemu python-pyotp
python-pyqtgraph python-qt4-gl python-scgi python-smoke-zephyr
python-tempita python-tidylib python-tzlocal python3.4 python3.4-minimal
ruby-rainbow ruby-rexec ruby2.2-dev
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
gnuplot* gnuplot-qt* gnuplot-tex* gnuplot5-data* gnuplot5-qt*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
10 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 6,452 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 352000 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing gnuplot (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ...
Removing gnuplot-qt (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ...
Removing gnuplot5-qt (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ...
Removing gnuplot5-data (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ...
Removing gnuplot-tex (4.6.6-3) ...
Processing triggers for tex-common (6.09) ...
Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done.
Setting up exploitdb (20171114-0kali1) ...
Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ...
Setting up aptitude-common (0.8.9-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-17) ...
Setting up libio-string-perl (1.08-3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up libcwidget3v5:amd64 (0.5.17-6) ...
Setting up aptitude-doc-en (0.8.9-1) ...
Setting up libclass-accessor-perl (0.51-1) ...
Setting up aptitude (0.8.9-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/aptitude-curses to provide /usr/bin/aptitude (aptitude) in auto mode
Setting up libparse-debianchangelog-perl (1.2.0-12) ...
(Reading database ... 351903 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for gnuplot5-qt (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ...
Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-17) ...
它可能删除了与 gnuplot 相关的所有内容。将重新启动并运行此sudo apt install gnuplot。
答案1
哇，你有一个老的 gnuplot-tex包导致问题。删除：
sudo apt purge gnuplot-tex
一切都应该恢复正常。如果由于缺少上述内容而不起作用，请在安装时gnuplot-data使用以下内容来删除：gnuplot-texgnuplot-data
sudo aptitude install gnuplot-tex_ gnuplot-data
（即使命令是，也会_告诉aptitude清除）。gnuplot-texinstall
由于aptitude不起作用，您可以删除有问题的软件包并重新安装它们：
sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex}
sudo apt install gnuplot