运行 for..in 并触摸时收到消息“文件名太长”

Question

我想触摸目录中的每个文件：

files=$(ls -a "node_modules/suman-types/dts")

echo "files $files";

for file in "$files"; do
    echo "touching file $file";
    touch "node_modules/suman-types/dts/$file";
done

但运行后，我得到：

inject.d.ts
injection.d.ts
integrant-value-container.d.ts
it.d.ts
reporters.d.ts
runner.d.ts
suman-utils.d.ts
suman.d.ts
table-data.d.ts
test-suite-maker.d.ts
test-suite.d.ts: File name too long

“文件名太长”消息是什么意思？

更新#1

我将我的脚本更改为：

files=$(find "node_modules/suman-types/dts" -name "*.d.ts")

for file in "$files"; do
    echo "touching file $file";
    touch "$file";
done

touch "node_modules/suman-types"

但后来我明白了：

$ ./types-touch.sh
    touching file node_modules/suman-types/dts/after-each.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/after.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/before-each.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/before.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/describe.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/global.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/index-init.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/inject.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/injection.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/integrant-value-container.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/it.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/reporters.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/runner.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/suman-utils.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/suman.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/table-data.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/test-suite-maker.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/test-suite.d.ts
    touch: node_modules/suman-types/dts/after-each.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/after.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/before-each.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/before.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/describe.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/global.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/index-init.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/inject.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/injection.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/integrant-value-container.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/it.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/reporters.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/runner.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/suman-utils.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/suman.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/table-data.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/test-suite-maker.d.ts
    node_modules/suman-types/dts/test-suite.d.ts: No such file or directory

Answer 1

您的问题源于将所有ls输出捕获到名为 的单个（字符串）变量中files。该变量看起来像：

filename1\nfilename2\nfilename3\n...

亲自查看：

echo "$files" | od -c

您真正要做的是在一个非常长的字符串上循环一次，该字符串对应于一个不存在的文件。你得到的错误信息有点丰富——它告诉你这个长文件名字符串不存在。

要访问目录中的每个文件，只需使用 shell 通配符并运行touch（通配符只会获取该目录中的文件）：

touch node_modules/suman-types/dts/*

或者一一触摸它们：

for file in node_modules/suman-types/dts/*; do touch "$file"; done

或用于在目录中递归查找所有文件，并对其find运行：touch

find node_modules/suman-types/dts -type f -exec touch -- {} \;

或者在支持它的 shell 中（Bash/ksh/zsh，有一些变体），使用递归 glob 运算符**：

shopt -s globstar # in Bash
for file in node_modules/suman-types/dts/**/*; do
    touch "$file"
done

Answer 2

尝试这样做文件名扩展：

for file in node_modules/suman-types/dts/*; do
  echo "Touching file: ${file##*/}"
  touch "${file}"
done