☰

苹果的 Time Machine 应用程序真的可以复制所有内容吗

tag-icon • tag-icon macos time-machine
苹果的 Time Machine 应用程序真的可以复制所有内容吗

想要清除我的驱动器，但想确保从 Time Machine 恢复时，所有文件、应用程序、黑客应用程序仍然能正常工作？

答案1

当您重新安装操作系统时，OS X 会询问您是否要从 Time Machine 备份中恢复。只需选择您的 TM 备份驱动器，它就会全新安装操作系统，然后恢复您的数据。

只要您没有设置任何排除文件夹，它就会复制除系统文件夹之外的所有位置的所有数据。

您可以找到当前列表系统排除项/System/Library/CoreServices/backupd.bundle/Contents/Resources/StdExclusions.plist是 XML 文件，您可以使用任何文本编辑器打开它。

我的（Mac OS 10.5.8）看起来像这样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <!-- paths we do not want to include in a system backup -->
    <key>PathsExcluded</key>
    <array>
        <string>/.Spotlight-V100</string>
        <string>/.Trashes</string>
        <string>/.fseventsd</string>
        <string>/.hotfiles.btree</string>
        <string>/Backups.backupdb</string>
        <string>/Desktop DB</string>
        <string>/Desktop DF</string>
        <string>/Network/Servers</string>
        <string>/Previous Systems</string>
        <string>/Users/Shared/SC Info</string>
        <string>/Users/Guest</string>
        <string>/dev</string>
        <string>/home</string>
        <string>/net</string>
        <string>/private/var/db/Spotlight</string>          <!-- old tiger location of the Spotlight db -->
        <string>/private/var/db/Spotlight-V100</string>     <!-- old tiger location of the Spotlight db -->
    </array>
    <!-- paths we need to include in backup so we can restore disk structure, but don't want to backup contents -->
    <key>ContentsExcluded</key>
    <array>
        <string>/Volumes</string>
        <string>/Network</string>
        <string>/automount</string>
        <string>/.vol</string>
        <string>/tmp</string>
        <string>/cores</string>
        <string>/private/tmp</string>
        <string>/private/Network</string>
        <string>/private/tftpboot</string>
        <string>/private/var/automount</string>
        <string>/private/var/log</string>
        <string>/private/var/folders</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/apache2</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/cups</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/fax</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/ppp</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/sa</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/samba</string>
        <string>/private/var/log/uucp</string>
        <string>/private/var/run</string>
        <string>/private/var/spool</string>
        <string>/private/var/tmp</string>
        <string>/private/var/vm</string>
        <string>/private/var/db/dhcpclient</string>
        <string>/private/var/db/fseventsd</string>
        <string>/Library/Caches</string>
        <string>/Library/Logs</string>
        <string>/System/Library/Caches</string>
        <string>/System/Library/Extensions/Caches</string>
    </array>
    <!-- standard user paths we want to skip for each user (subpath relative to root of home directory) -->
    <key>UserPathsExcluded</key>
    <array>
        <string>Library/Application Support/SyncServices</string>
        <string>Library/Caches</string>
        <string>Library/Logs</string>
        <string>Library/Mail/Envelope Index</string>
        <string>Library/Mail/AvailableFeeds</string>
        <string>Library/Mirrors</string>
        <string>Library/PubSub/Database</string>
        <string>Library/PubSub/Downloads</string>
        <string>Library/PubSub/Feeds</string>
        <string>Library/Safari/Icons.db</string>
        <string>Library/Safari/HistoryIndex.sk</string>
    </array>
</dict>
</plist>

答案2

  • 要查找按设计排除的文件和文件夹，请参阅：

    /系统/库/CoreServices/backupd.bundle/Contents/Resources/StdExclusions.plist

    请注意，某些路径实际上可能是指向该文件中提到的路径的符号链接！例如，Apache 可能会引用符号链接/var/logs/apache2，但实际上它通过其目标排除了它/private/var/logs/apache2。

  • 要查找管理用户手动排除的文件和文件夹，请参阅：

    /Library/Preferences/com.apple.TimeMachine.plist

  • 要查找特定软件排除的文件和文件夹（如 iTunes 和 VMware Fusion 1.1.2 之前的版本，根据让您的虚拟机回到过去com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem），通过设置其文件的扩展属性，运行：

    mdfind "com_apple_backup_excludeItem = 'com.apple.backupd'"

  • 使用 FileVault 时，仅备份您的主文件夹当您退出时。

答案3

据我所知。一个月前，我试图从 macport upgrade 恢复一些配置文件（/opt/local/etc，隐藏在 Finder 中）。当我使用 Timemachine 探索时，我发现了自开始使用 Timemachine 第一天以来的所有文件和目录。

答案4

出于所有意图和目的，没有排除，它将备份所有用户数据...Time Machine 的范围（Time Machine 排除）

默认情况下，Time Machine 会备份您机器上的每个本地驱动器。它不会备份网络安装的驱动器，但默认情况下，任何未排除的本地驱动器都会添加到备份中。Apple 有一个标准的排除列表，但由于 Apple 尚未正式记录这些排除，因此它们将来可能会发生不可预测的变化。但目前，以下目录不必手动排除：

/.Spotlight-V100
/private/var/db/Spotlight <!– old tiger location of the Spotlight db –>
/private/var/db/Spotlight-V100     <!– old tiger location of the Spotlight db –>
/.Trashes
/.fseventsd
/.hotfiles.btree
/Backups.backupdb
/Desktop DB
/Desktop DF
/Previous Systems
/Users/Shared/SC Info
/Users/Guest
/dev,  /home,  /net
/Volumes
/Network
/automount
/.vol
/tmp
/cores
/private/tmp
/private/Network
/private/tftpboot
/private/var/automount
/private/var/folders
/private/var/run
/private/var/tmp
/private/var/vm
/private/var/db/dhcpclient
/private/var/db/fseventsd
/Library/Caches
/Library/Logs
/System/Library/Caches
/System/Library/Extensions/Caches
/private/var/log
/private/var/spool/cups
/private/var/spool/fax
/private/var/spool/uucp
~/Library/Application Support/SyncServices/data.version
~/Library/Caches
~/Library/Logs
~/Library/Mail/Envelope Index
~/Library/Mail/AvailableFeeds
~/Library/Mirrors
~/Library/PubSub/Database
~/Library/PubSub/Downloads
~/Library/PubSub/Feeds
~/Library/Safari/Icons.db
~/Library/Safari/WebpageIcons.db
~/Library/Safari/HistoryIndex.sk

从http://www.schollnick.net/wordpress/systems-administration/macintosh-related/time-machine-information/

相关内容