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了解 syslogd -d 的输出

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了解 syslogd -d 的输出

Ubuntu

以下输出中的 80、F 和 X 含义是什么syslogd -d？

 0:  X  X  X  X FF  X  X  X  X  X FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/auth.log (unused)
 1: FF FF FF FF  X FF FF FF FF FF  X FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FILE: /var/log/syslog (unused)
 2:  X  X  X FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/daemon.log (unused)
 3: FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/kern.log (unused)
 4:  X  X  X  X  X  X FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/lpr.log (unused)
 5:  X  X FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/mail.log (unused)
 6:  X FF  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/user.log (unused)
 7:  X  X 7F  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/mail.info (unused)
 8:  X  X 1F  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/mail.warn (unused)
 9:  X  X  F  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/mail.err (unused)
10:  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  7  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/news/news.crit (unused)
11:  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  F  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/news/news.err (unused)
12:  X  X  X  X  X  X  X 3F  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X FILE: /var/log/news/news.notice (unused)
13: 80 80  X 80  X 80 80  X 80 80  X 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 FILE: /var/log/debug (unused)
14: 70 70  X  X  X 70 70  X 70  X  X 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 FILE: /var/log/messages (unused)
15:  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1 WALL: 
16: F0 F0 FF FF F0 F0 F0 FF F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 F0 PIPE: |/dev/xconsole (unused)

眼底病变

7 6 X 5 X 6 X 5 5 X X X 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 X FILE: /var/log/messages
X X X X 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/authlog
X X X X X X X X X X 7 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/secure
X X X X X X X X X 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/cron/log
X X X 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/daemon
X X X X X X X X X X X 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/xferlog
X X X X X X 7 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/lpd-errs
X X 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/maillog
7 3 2 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 X CONSOLE: /dev/console
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X WALL:

答案1

这些值指的是设施为定义的日志文件定义。例如，任何发送日志消息的电子邮件相关程序都会使用邮件功能，无论程序的实际名称是什么。我知道之间的每一列代表一个功能，但我不确定该值具体代表什么。以下只是猜测：

每个设施都可以登录8 个严重程度，0 表示“紧急”，7 表示调试。您可以为每个设施设置其中的任意一个或全部。如果每个级别都是数字中的一个位，则该值可能是所有这些位的总和。 FF将表示所有位都已设置。其他值：

F: first 4 bits set - emergency, alert critical, error
F0: last 4 bits set - warning, notification, info, debug
80: last bit set - debug

我认为“X”表示忽略。

答案2

[X0-7] 是设施名称。诸如“安全”LOG_AUTH 之类的弃用内容留下了猜测的空间，因此我不会将其作为非开发人员介绍。它们与 Ubuntu 中的变体相似，但更简洁。X 的含义显然是“忽略”，如代码：

                   1329:        if (Debug) {
                   1330:                for (f = Files; f; f = f->f_next) {
                   1331:                        for (i = 0; i <= LOG_NFACILITIES; i++)
                   1332:                                if (f->f_pmask[i] == INTERNAL_NOPRI)
                   1333:                                        printf("X ");
                   1334:                                else
                   1335:                                        printf("%d ", f->f_pmask[i]);
                   1336:                        printf("%s: ", TypeNames[f->f_type]);
                   1337:                        switch (f->f_type) {
                   1338:                        case F_FILE:
                   1339:                        case F_TTY:
                   1340:                        case F_CONSOLE:
1.95      henning  1341:                        case F_PIPE:
1.1       deraadt  1342:                                printf("%s", f->f_un.f_fname);
                   1343:                                break;
                   1344: 
                   1345:                        case F_FORW:
                   1346:                                printf("%s", f->f_un.f_forw.f_hname);
                   1347:                                break;
                   1348: 
                   1349:                        case F_USERS:
                   1350:                                for (i = 0; i < MAXUNAMES && *f->f_un.f_uname[i]; i++)
                   1351:                                        printf("%s, ", f->f_un.f_uname[i]);
                   1352:                                break;
1.70      djm      1353: 
                   1354:                        case F_MEMBUF:
                   1355:                                printf("%s", f->f_un.f_mb.f_mname);
                   1356:                                break;
                   1357: 
1.1       deraadt  1358:                        }
1.20      deraadt  1359:                        if (f->f_program)
1.19      bri      1360:                                printf(" (%s)", f->f_program);
1.1       deraadt  1361:                        printf("\n");
                   1362:                }
                   1363:        }
                   1364: }

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