有没有什么方法可以知道 PCI 相对于 CPU（或相对于某些东西？）的顺序？
例如，我有 5 张 AMD 卡，我想知道哪一张是哪一张（物理上）。我可以用来lshw找出顺序（通过 PCI-X，其中 X 是整数），就像第三张卡不工作一样，但我需要一个参考，以便我可以快速识别板上的物理卡。我想每个主板制造商都不同，即使顺序也不会改变（PCI不会像1,3,2,5,4那样跳来跳去），所以它是顺时针还是逆时针？
这是我的一部分lshw信息
yoshie
description: Computer
width: 64 bits
capabilities: vsyscall32
*-core
description: Motherboard
physical id: 0
*-memory
description: System memory
physical id: 0
size: 3407MiB
*-cpu
product: AMD Embedded G-Series GX-224IJ Radeon R4E
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD]
physical id: 1
bus info: cpu@0
size: 2400MHz
capacity: 2400MHz
width: 64 bits
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc rep_good acc_power nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext ptsc mwaitx cpb hw_pstate vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 xsaveopt arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic overflow_recov cpufreq
*-pci:0
description: Host bridge
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 81
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef irq:232 memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:ff0800000-ff0ffffff ioport:f000(size=256) memory:feb00000-feb3ffff memory:c0000-dffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 1.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef irq:239 memory:ffff00000-ffff03fff
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
physical id: 2.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.1
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:216 ioport:9000(size=20480) memory:fe500000-fe9fffff ioport:f60000000(size=2418016256)
*-pci
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:218 ioport:9000(size=20480) memory:fe500000-fe9fffff ioport:f60000000(size=2418016256)
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:02:01.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:220
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:02:02.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:222
*-pci:2
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 3
bus info: pci@0000:02:03.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:224 ioport:d000(size=4096) memory:fe900000-fe9fffff ioport:fe0000000(size=270532608)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
version: cf
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef iomemory:f0-ef irq:233 memory:fe0000000-fefffffff memory:ff0000000-ff01fffff ioport:d000(size=256) memory:fe900000-fe93ffff memory:fe940000-fe95ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:05:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:240 memory:fe960000-fe963fff
*-pci:3
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 4
bus info: pci@0000:02:04.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:225 ioport:c000(size=4096) memory:fe800000-fe8fffff ioport:fc0000000(size=270532608)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0
version: cf
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef iomemory:f0-ef irq:234 memory:fc0000000-fcfffffff memory:fd0000000-fd01fffff ioport:c000(size=256) memory:fe800000-fe83ffff memory:fe840000-fe85ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:06:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:241 memory:fe860000-fe863fff
*-pci:4
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 5
bus info: pci@0000:02:05.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:226 ioport:b000(size=4096) memory:fe700000-fe7fffff ioport:fa0000000(size=270532608)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:07:00.0
version: cf
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef iomemory:f0-ef irq:235 memory:fa0000000-fafffffff memory:fb0000000-fb01fffff ioport:b000(size=256) memory:fe700000-fe73ffff memory:fe740000-fe75ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:07:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:242 memory:fe760000-fe763fff
*-pci:5
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 6
bus info: pci@0000:02:06.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:227 ioport:a000(size=4096) memory:fe600000-fe6fffff ioport:f80000000(size=270532608)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:08:00.0
version: cf
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef iomemory:f0-ef irq:236 memory:f80000000-f8fffffff memory:f90000000-f901fffff ioport:a000(size=256) memory:fe600000-fe63ffff memory:fe640000-fe65ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:08:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:243 memory:fe660000-fe663fff
*-pci:6
description: PCI bridge
product: ASMedia Technology Inc.
vendor: ASMedia Technology Inc.
physical id: 7
bus info: pci@0000:02:07.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:228 ioport:9000(size=4096) memory:fe500000-fe5fffff ioport:f60000000(size=270532608)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0
version: cf
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: iomemory:f0-ef iomemory:f0-ef irq:237 memory:f60000000-f6fffffff memory:f70000000-f701fffff ioport:9000(size=256) memory:fe500000-fe53ffff memory:fe540000-fe55ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:09:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:244 memory:fe560000-fe563fff
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
physical id: 2.4
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.4
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:216 ioport:e000(size=4096) memory:fea00000-feafffff ioport:f0000000(size=1048576)
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:0a:00.0
logical name: enp10s0
version: 0c
serial: dc:9c:52:07:6b:4c
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8168g-2_0.0.1 02/06/13 ip=172.16.2.45 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:230 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:fea00000-fea00fff memory:f0000000-f0003fff
...
答案1
主板厂商通常(*) 对 PCI-e 插槽进行物理布局，使其处于连续的逻辑设备顺序。顺序是通常从距离 CPU 最近到距离 CPU 最远。
您的 GPU 已开启：
00:00:01.0
00:05:00.0
00:06:00.0
00:07:00.0
00:08:00.0
00:09:00.0
我们可以忽略第一个，因为它可能是 CPU 内置的 GPU。其余的按照它们物理安装到插槽中的顺序列出 - 例如 00:05:00.0 将是第一个插槽中的 GPU，00:06:00.0 将是第二个插槽中的 CPU。
(*) 我犹豫是否要说“总是”，但我从未见过具有不同布局的主板。几乎可以肯定，因为这样做会需要更多工作（因此成本更高）。请注意，如果制造商发现了一种方法，可以通过不同的方式为每个主板节省几纳美分，那么他们就会这么做。
具有 PCI 转接卡和附加 PCI 桥等的主板将改变这一点，但您通常不会在 1 或 2RU 机架式机箱的服务器主板之外看到它们......即使如此，顺序仍然（通常）从最近到最远。