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快速问题

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快速问题

首先我想说我不是程序员或脚本编写者。下面是当我擦除我的电脑并从头开始时我拥有的脚本。这是一个用于设置我的用户配置文件的基本脚本（更像是命令的集合）。在评论为“安装所需软件”的部分中，我想知道是否有一种方法可以创建软件名称列表（在脚本中），然后以某种方式调用该列表并放入 apt-get install 命令。我知道这是没有必要的，但如果可能的话，这是我想做的事情的方式。我不知道这是否可以通过数组或类似的东西来完成，但我想仅从一行安装所有内容。预先感谢您的帮助。

贾斯汀

#/bin/bash

###################################

# Script Name: deploy.sh
# Creation Date: 28OCT15
# Completion Date: 17FEB18

###################################

# Modify /etc/fstab to include user defined devices

sudo echo >> /etc/fstab
sudo echo >> /etc/fstab
sudo echo "# User defined Devices" >> /etc/fstab
sudo echo >> /etc/fstab
sudo echo "#250G for Downloads/etc" >> /etc/fstab
sudo echo "UUID=9ba4afc0-f565-4bf4-b935-102352dccd2c /mnt/250G     ext4    errors=remount-ro 0     2" >> /etc/fstab

# Installs needed software

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:stebbins/handbrake-releases
sudo apt-get install autofs nfs-common handbrake-cli handbrake lame vim chromium-browser screen ffmpeg htop cdparanoia eyed3 vorbis-tools clementine

# Configures autofs

sudo echo >> /etc/auto.master
sudo echo "/- /etc/auto.direct" >> /etc/auto.master

sudo touch /etc/auto.direct

sudo echo "# /mnt/music -rw 192.168.0.20:/export/music" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "# /mnt/storage -rw 192.168.0.20:/export/storage" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "# /mnt/movies -rw 192.168.0.20:/export/movies" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "# /mnt/shows -rw 192.168.0.20:/export/shows" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "# /mnt/pictures -rw 192.168.0.20:/export/pictures" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "/mnt/music -rw,hard,intr,nfsvers=3 192.168.0.20:/export/music" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "/mnt/storage -rw,hard,intr,nfsvers=3 192.168.0.20:/export/storage" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "/mnt/movies -rw,hard,intr,nfsvers=3 192.168.0.20:/export/movies" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "/mnt/shows -rw,hard,intr,nfsvers=3 192.168.0.20:/export/shows" >> /etc/auto.direct
sudo echo "/mnt/pictures -rw,hard,intr,nfsvers=3 192.168.0.20:/export/pictures" >> /etc/auto.direct

# Remove existing directories

rm -Rf $HOME/Music
rm -Rf $HOME/Pictures

# Create mount points for NFS shares

sudo mkdir /mnt/music
sudo mkdir /mnt/pictures
sudo mkdir /mnt/storage
sudo mkdir /mnt/movies
sudo mkdir /mnt/shows

#Create symbolic links in home folder 

sudo ln -s /mnt/music $HOME/music
sudo ln -s /mnt/pictures $HOME/pictures
sudo ln -s /mnt/storage $HOME/storage
sudo ln -s /mnt/movies $HOME/Videos/movies
sudo ln -s /mnt/shows $HOME/Videos/shows
sudo ln -s /mnt/storage/Scripts/linux $HOME/scripts
sudo ln -s /mnt/250G/ $HOME/Downloads

# Restart needed services

sudo service autofs restart

# Generates .bash_aliases file with useful aliases

sudo echo >> $HOME/.bash_aliases
sudo echo "alias ls='ls --color=auto'" >> $HOME/.bash_aliases
sudo echo "alias vi='vim'" >> $HOME/.bash_aliases
sudo echo "alias grep='egrep --color=auto'" >> $HOME/.bash_aliases
sudo echo "alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'" >> $HOME/.bash_aliases
sudo echo "alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'" >> $HOME/.bash_aliases

# Create $HOME/bin directory for personal bin location

mkdir $HOME/.bin

# Add scripts to above directory

sudo cp $HOME/scripts/bash/audio/extract.sh $HOME/.bin/
sudo cp $HOME/scripts/bash/audio/m4a2mp3.sh $HOME/.bin/
sudo cp $HOME/scripts/bash/video/mkv2mp4.sh $HOME/.bin/

# Not yet up to par for video quality
# sudo cp $HOME/scripts/bash/video/avi2mp4.sh $HOME/bin/

答案1

您可以使用数组

pkgs=(autofs nfs-common handbrake-cli handbrake lame vim chromium-browser screen ffmpeg htop cdparanoia eyed3 vorbis-tools clementine)

sudo apt-get install "${pkgs[@]}"

答案2

简化脚本的一种方法是去掉所有 sudo 调用，用 sudo 调用整个脚本

#!/bin/bash
if [[ $(id -un) != root ]]; then
    echo "invoke me with sudo: sudo $0"
    exit
fi

echo >> /etc/fstab
# etc

另请注意，您可以将换行符放入数组定义中以使其更具可读性：

pkgs=(
  autofs lame  vim  nfs-common handbrake-cli handbrake  chromium-browser 
  screen eyed3 htop clementine vorbis-tools  cdparanoia ffmpeg
)

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