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如果找不到某个字符“：”，如何将行移动到上一行？

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing awk sed
如果找不到某个字符“：”，如何将行移动到上一行？

我有很多成绩单文本文件。我已经清理到一定程度了。最后一点清洁如下。

我在某些文件 *.txt 中有这个

Gary: I said something.
Larry: I said something else.
Mr. John: I said this. And maybe this
and I also said this.
Laura: did i say anything.

我需要这样的。

Gary: I said something.
Larry: I said something else.
Mr. John: I said this. And maybe this and I also said this.
Laura: did i say anything.

我想移动任何一行不是前一行包含冒号 (:)。最后，我希望每一行都有一个以换行符结尾的角色对话。

我看了这个问题但我不知道该怎么办。我对任何工具 sed/awk/python/bash/perl 持开放态度。

答案1

使用 Sed，您可以将一行附加到模式空间，检查附加部分（从添加的换行符到模式末尾）是否仅包含非冒号字符，如果是，则用空格替换最后一个换行符：

sed -e :a -e '$!N; s/\n\([^:]*\)$/ \1/;ta' -e 'P;D' file.txt
Gary: I said something.
Larry: I said something else.
Mr. John: I said this. And maybe this and I also said this.
Laura: did i say anything.

答案2

怎么样awk？它保留最后一行的副本；如果没有找到冒号（NF == 1），它将实际行附加到最后一行以一次性打印这两行。 $0 设置为空字符串，因此不会被记住。

awk -F: 'NF == 1 {LAST = LAST " " $0; $0 = ""}; LAST {print LAST}; {LAST = $0} END {print LAST}' file
Gary: I said something.
Larry: I said something else.
Mr. John: I said this. And maybe this and I also said this.
Laura: did i say anything.

答案3

另一种awk尝试：

BEGIN{RS=":";ORS=":"; # use ":", ie. change of speaker, to recognise end of record
      FS="\n"}        # OFS is still " ", so newlines in input converted to spaces in output
!$NF { ORS="" }       # detect last line (no next speaker) and don't append a :
NF>1 {$NF = "\n" $NF} # restore the newline before the speaker's name
{print}               # print the result

答案4

sed -e '
   /:/{$!N;}
   /\n.*:/!s/\n/ /
   P;D
' file.txt

 Gary: I said something.
 Larry: I said something else.
 Mr. John: I said this. And maybe this and I also said this.
 Laura: did i say anything.

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