在 Mac OS X 上尝试安装 MySQL-Python 时调试地狱世界

Question 1

首先，我要打开一个终端并：

python <enter>
import sys <enter>
print sys.path <enter>

你的相关库在路径上吗？

关于 MacPorts 理论（上文@fideli），还有另一个名为 Homebrew 的 PMS关联. 它在 Mac 上的包管理效果出奇的好。

但是，我过去曾经这样做过（完全编译），但在 G5 PPC64 上这样做时更加麻烦。我让它工作的方式是从源代码编译 Python、Python-MySQL、MySQL 和 mod_wsgi。这是可能的，但人们遇到的主要陷阱是软件包之间的架构不匹配。这是我在 PPC 上执行此操作的笔记。从中提取您能提取的内容，如果您需要额外帮助，请告诉我们。要注意的关键部分是在每次编译之前导出 ARCHFLAGS。这将确保您具有架构匹配。正如我所说，下面是我为 PPC64 环境所做的，但是您可以将 archs 替换为相关平台，例如 x86_64，因为您运行的是 10.6，我们知道您有一个英特尔芯片。您可以忽略确切的软件版本，因为它们应该不是那么相关。我希望这对你有用。

旁注：看来您的 MySQL 是 32 位，但您的 Python 是 64 位。

前期详细信息：

目标平台是OSX 10.5.8 (PPC64)。
目标是将所有发行版编译为“Fat”二进制文件，这意味着它将支持 x86、PPC、PPC64 和 x86_64。
按照您认为适合目标平台的方式进行操作。

This file will go through the steps of how to
install Python, MySQL, MySQLdb-Python, and
mod_wsgi on clean MacOSX 10.5.8 all 64Bit
#################################################
1.Download Python Source -> Plan 2.7
2.Download MySQL Source -> Plan 5.1.50
3.Download MySQLdb-Python Source -> Plan 1.2.3
4.Download mod_wsgi -> Plan 1.3.3

Untar all of the above and prep for Python
#################################################
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
2. ./configure --with-framework-name=Python64 --with-universal-archs=all --enable-framework --enable-universalsdk=/ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. Add to /etc/paths
-> /usr/local/bin
6. Modify /etc/profile
-> if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then
-> PATH=""
-> eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s` <- Be sure to note these are backticks ie Shell expansion
-> fi
7. Reboot the system
8. Test Python Intereter is @2.7

Compile and Install mod_wsgi
#################################################
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
2. ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs --with-python=/usr/local/bin
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. Add to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
-> LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so
6. tail -f /var/log/apache2/error_log
7. sudo apachectl stop
8. sudo apachectl start

Compile and Install MySQL
#################################################
NOTE: It has been said to also set CFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64"
NOTE: It has been said to also set CXXFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64"
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch ppc64'
2. CFLAGS="-arch ppc64' CXXLAGS="-arch ppc64' ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql -with-server-suffix=-standard -enable-thread-safe-client -enable-local-infile -enable-shared -with-zlib-dir=bundled -with-big-tables -with-readline -with-plugins=all -without-docs
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. cd /usr/local/mysql
6. sudo ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
7. sudo chown -R mysql ./var
8. create file com.mysql.mysqld.plist

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>KeepAlive</key>
<true/>
<key>Label</key>
<string>com.mysql.mysqld</string>
<key>Program</key>
<string>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe</string>
<key>RunAtLoad</key>
<true/>
<key>UserName</key>
<string>mysql</string>
<key>WorkingDirectory</key>
<string>/usr/local/mysql</string>
</dict>
</plist>

9. sudo mv ~/Desktop/com.mysql.mysqld.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons
10. sudo chown root /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist
11. sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist
12. edit /etc/paths
-> /usr/local/mysql/bin
13. Quit all running terminals
14. run mysql_secure_installation

Compile and Install MySQLdb-Python
#################################################
NOTE: According to the compilation flags above it "should" be safe to leave Threadsafe at true
NOTE: setuptools must be installed prior to attempting the below
1. Set Threadsafe=False in site.cfg
2. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
3. python setup.py build
4. sudo python setup.py install
5. python-all <-Universal app, python is aliased to python32 so the next step will fail
6. import MySQLdb
7. hopefully no errors

0 comments
October 4, 2010 by Chris Barker
Django Deployment on Leopard PPC64 Research
See Step By Step HOWTO.txt
#################################################

Links that have proven useful
#################################################
http://tickletik.blogspot.com/2008/12/python-and-mysql-on-64bit.html <-Best all inclusive article
http://mysql-python.blogspot.com/2008/03/i-am-not-dead.html
http://mail.python.org/pipermail/pythonmac-sig/2008-June/020123.html
http://www.stereoplex.com/2008/feb/5/mac-os-x-command-and-manual-search-path-path-and-m/
http://www.softec.lu/site/DevelopersCorner/MasteringThePathHelper
http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickInstallationGuide
http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickConfigurationGuide
http://diymacserver.com/installing-mysql/compiling-mysql-51x-in-64-bits-mode-on-leopard/
http://mysql-python.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html

Native MacOSX Leopard Bit Levels
#################################################
-Native Python (2.51) 32Bit
-Native Apache (2.2.14) 64Bit
-Native MySQL (N/A)

Build Out Python 64bit
#################################################
To Perform Universal Compilation
Execute the below prior to compiling
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure --with-framework-name=Python64 --with-universal-archs=all --enable-framework --enable-universalsdk=/ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5

Adjusting The Path
------------------
Add /usr/local/bin to the top of /etc/paths
Modify /etc/profile to:
if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then
PATH=""
eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s`
fi


Build Out MySQL 64Bit
#################################################
CFLAGS="-arch ppc64" <-Perhaps not needed if export ARCHFLAGS is set first
CXXFLAGS="-arch ppc64" <-Perhaps not needed if export ARCHFLAGS is set first
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql -with-server-suffix=-standard -enable-thread-safe-client -enable-local-infile -enable-shared -with-zlib-dir=bundled -with-big-tables -with-readline -with-plugins=all -without-docs
make
sudo make install

Build Out MySQLdb
#################################################
Set Threadsafe=False in site.cfg
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

Build Out Apache 64Bit ??? Or Not
#################################################
No need to rebuild apache, it is native universal binary (Runs in 64bit Navtively)

Vhost notes
-----------
<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerName www.example.com
ServerAlias example.com
ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/documents

Alias /robots.txt /usr/local/www/documents/robots.txt
Alias /favicon.ico /usr/local/www/documents/favicon.ico

Alias /media/ /usr/local/www/documents/media/

<Directory /usr/local/www/documents>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
WSGIPythonHome /Path/to/Python/
WSGIDaemonProcess example.com processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup example.com
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi

<Directory /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

HTTPD.conf notes
----------------
LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so


Build Out mod_wsgi
#################################################
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs --with-python/path/to/python
make
sudo make install

Cleaning Up After Compiling
#################################################
make clean
make distclean

Answer

首先，我要打开一个终端并：

python <enter>
import sys <enter>
print sys.path <enter>

你的相关库在路径上吗？

关于 MacPorts 理论（上文@fideli），还有另一个名为 Homebrew 的 PMS关联. 它在 Mac 上的包管理效果出奇的好。

但是，我过去曾经这样做过（完全编译），但在 G5 PPC64 上这样做时更加麻烦。我让它工作的方式是从源代码编译 Python、Python-MySQL、MySQL 和 mod_wsgi。这是可能的，但人们遇到的主要陷阱是软件包之间的架构不匹配。这是我在 PPC 上执行此操作的笔记。从中提取您能提取的内容，如果您需要额外帮助，请告诉我们。要注意的关键部分是在每次编译之前导出 ARCHFLAGS。这将确保您具有架构匹配。正如我所说，下面是我为 PPC64 环境所做的，但是您可以将 archs 替换为相关平台，例如 x86_64，因为您运行的是 10.6，我们知道您有一个英特尔芯片。您可以忽略确切的软件版本，因为它们应该不是那么相关。我希望这对你有用。

旁注：看来您的 MySQL 是 32 位，但您的 Python 是 64 位。

前期详细信息：

目标平台是OSX 10.5.8 (PPC64)。
目标是将所有发行版编译为“Fat”二进制文件，这意味着它将支持 x86、PPC、PPC64 和 x86_64。
按照您认为适合目标平台的方式进行操作。

This file will go through the steps of how to
install Python, MySQL, MySQLdb-Python, and
mod_wsgi on clean MacOSX 10.5.8 all 64Bit
#################################################
1.Download Python Source -> Plan 2.7
2.Download MySQL Source -> Plan 5.1.50
3.Download MySQLdb-Python Source -> Plan 1.2.3
4.Download mod_wsgi -> Plan 1.3.3

Untar all of the above and prep for Python
#################################################
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
2. ./configure --with-framework-name=Python64 --with-universal-archs=all --enable-framework --enable-universalsdk=/ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. Add to /etc/paths
-> /usr/local/bin
6. Modify /etc/profile
-> if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then
-> PATH=""
-> eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s` <- Be sure to note these are backticks ie Shell expansion
-> fi
7. Reboot the system
8. Test Python Intereter is @2.7

Compile and Install mod_wsgi
#################################################
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
2. ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs --with-python=/usr/local/bin
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. Add to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
-> LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so
6. tail -f /var/log/apache2/error_log
7. sudo apachectl stop
8. sudo apachectl start

Compile and Install MySQL
#################################################
NOTE: It has been said to also set CFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64"
NOTE: It has been said to also set CXXFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64"
1. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch ppc64'
2. CFLAGS="-arch ppc64' CXXLAGS="-arch ppc64' ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql -with-server-suffix=-standard -enable-thread-safe-client -enable-local-infile -enable-shared -with-zlib-dir=bundled -with-big-tables -with-readline -with-plugins=all -without-docs
3. make
4. sudo make install
5. cd /usr/local/mysql
6. sudo ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
7. sudo chown -R mysql ./var
8. create file com.mysql.mysqld.plist

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>KeepAlive</key>
<true/>
<key>Label</key>
<string>com.mysql.mysqld</string>
<key>Program</key>
<string>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe</string>
<key>RunAtLoad</key>
<true/>
<key>UserName</key>
<string>mysql</string>
<key>WorkingDirectory</key>
<string>/usr/local/mysql</string>
</dict>
</plist>

9. sudo mv ~/Desktop/com.mysql.mysqld.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons
10. sudo chown root /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist
11. sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist
12. edit /etc/paths
-> /usr/local/mysql/bin
13. Quit all running terminals
14. run mysql_secure_installation

Compile and Install MySQLdb-Python
#################################################
NOTE: According to the compilation flags above it "should" be safe to leave Threadsafe at true
NOTE: setuptools must be installed prior to attempting the below
1. Set Threadsafe=False in site.cfg
2. export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
3. python setup.py build
4. sudo python setup.py install
5. python-all <-Universal app, python is aliased to python32 so the next step will fail
6. import MySQLdb
7. hopefully no errors

0 comments
October 4, 2010 by Chris Barker
Django Deployment on Leopard PPC64 Research
See Step By Step HOWTO.txt
#################################################

Links that have proven useful
#################################################
http://tickletik.blogspot.com/2008/12/python-and-mysql-on-64bit.html <-Best all inclusive article
http://mysql-python.blogspot.com/2008/03/i-am-not-dead.html
http://mail.python.org/pipermail/pythonmac-sig/2008-June/020123.html
http://www.stereoplex.com/2008/feb/5/mac-os-x-command-and-manual-search-path-path-and-m/
http://www.softec.lu/site/DevelopersCorner/MasteringThePathHelper
http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickInstallationGuide
http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickConfigurationGuide
http://diymacserver.com/installing-mysql/compiling-mysql-51x-in-64-bits-mode-on-leopard/
http://mysql-python.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html

Native MacOSX Leopard Bit Levels
#################################################
-Native Python (2.51) 32Bit
-Native Apache (2.2.14) 64Bit
-Native MySQL (N/A)

Build Out Python 64bit
#################################################
To Perform Universal Compilation
Execute the below prior to compiling
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure --with-framework-name=Python64 --with-universal-archs=all --enable-framework --enable-universalsdk=/ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5

Adjusting The Path
------------------
Add /usr/local/bin to the top of /etc/paths
Modify /etc/profile to:
if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then
PATH=""
eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s`
fi


Build Out MySQL 64Bit
#################################################
CFLAGS="-arch ppc64" <-Perhaps not needed if export ARCHFLAGS is set first
CXXFLAGS="-arch ppc64" <-Perhaps not needed if export ARCHFLAGS is set first
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql -with-server-suffix=-standard -enable-thread-safe-client -enable-local-infile -enable-shared -with-zlib-dir=bundled -with-big-tables -with-readline -with-plugins=all -without-docs
make
sudo make install

Build Out MySQLdb
#################################################
Set Threadsafe=False in site.cfg
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

Build Out Apache 64Bit ??? Or Not
#################################################
No need to rebuild apache, it is native universal binary (Runs in 64bit Navtively)

Vhost notes
-----------
<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerName www.example.com
ServerAlias example.com
ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/documents

Alias /robots.txt /usr/local/www/documents/robots.txt
Alias /favicon.ico /usr/local/www/documents/favicon.ico

Alias /media/ /usr/local/www/documents/media/

<Directory /usr/local/www/documents>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
WSGIPythonHome /Path/to/Python/
WSGIDaemonProcess example.com processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup example.com
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi

<Directory /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

HTTPD.conf notes
----------------
LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so


Build Out mod_wsgi
#################################################
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch x86_64'
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs --with-python/path/to/python
make
sudo make install

Cleaning Up After Compiling
#################################################
make clean
make distclean

Question 2

Enthought EPD 实际上确实有 MySQLdb，只是默认情况下未安装。要安装它：

enpkg MySQL_python

这没有很好的记录。以下是所有可选包：http://www.enthought.com/products/repository.php 祝你好运！

Answer

Enthought EPD 实际上确实有 MySQLdb，只是默认情况下未安装。要安装它：

enpkg MySQL_python

这没有很好的记录。以下是所有可选包：http://www.enthought.com/products/repository.php 祝你好运！

Question 3

如果这使其变得复杂，那么只需保留 mysqldb 并改用 pymysql - 配置起来非常容易。我想使用 django 并尝试使用 MySQL，但它给出了一个错误，所以我通过使用 pymysql 解决了它。以下是在几分钟内安装和配置 pymysql 的简单方法：

http://web-eng-help.blogspot.com/2010/09/install-mysql-5-for-python-26-and.html

如果你想知道 pymysql 和 mysqldb 之间的区别，那么你可以参考这个：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7224807/what-actually-is-pymysql-and-how-it-differs-from-mysqldb-and-how-can-it-affect

它们的用途几乎相同。

Answer