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向每列添加文本

tag-icon • tag-icon bash text-processing awk sed
向每列添加文本

我有以下几行

3, 3, 100
4, 2, 50
8, 5, 80
.
.
.

我想要以下输出

line starts at 3 and ends at 3 with value 100
line starts at 4 and ends at 2 with value 50
line starts at 8 and ends at 5 with value 80
.
.
.

我尝试了以下操作：sed 's/^/line starts at /'然后将此命令应用于输出：sed 's/, / and ends at /'然后将此命令应用于输出sed 's/, / with value /'。有什么办法可以在一行中完成吗？

答案1

awk对于这种格式化输入 - 格式化输出很有用：

awk -F, '{printf("line starts at %d and ends at %d with value %d\n", $1, $2, $3)}' file 
line starts at 3 and ends at 3 with value 100
line starts at 4 and ends at 2 with value 50
line starts at 8 and ends at 5 with value 80

答案2

一个 shellwhile read循环printf：

while IFS=', ' read c1 c2 c3; do
    printf 'line starts at %s and ends at %s with value %s\n' \
        "$c1" "$c2" "$c3"
done <file

通过将IFS变量设置为空格和逗号，该read命令将使用这些字符作为字段分隔符。

输出：

line starts at 3 and ends at 3 with value 100
line starts at 4 and ends at 2 with value 50
line starts at 8 and ends at 5 with value 80

答案3

原来sed中有-e选项

sed -e 's/^/line starts at /g' -e 's/, / and ends at /' -e 's/, / with value at /'

答案4

在 shell 本身中有一种简单快捷的方法可以做到这一点：-


# cat f
3, 3, 100
4, 2, 50
8, 5, 80

# cat f | while read line ;  do  IFS=", " array=($line) ; echo "line starts at ${array[0]} and ends at ${array[1]} with value ${array[2]}"; done 

line starts at 3 and ends at 3 with value 100
line starts at 4 and ends at 2 with value 50
line starts at 8 and ends at 5 with value 80

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