如何将多行列表中的 wget 转换为一个文件名？

Question 1

如果我所做的不是最佳实践，我愿意接受其他方法。

我建议你不要使用bash或sed等等！并使用 python 方式，这绝对是解析您需要解析的 xml 的更好方法。我刚刚用 python3.6 编写并测试了它，它完全符合您的要求。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# Let's import the modules we need
import wget
import os
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs

# Assign the url to a variable (not essential as we 
# only use it once, but it's pythonic)
url = 'https://librivox.org/api/feed/audiobooks/?offset=0&limit=3&fields=%7Blanguage,authors,title,url_zip_file%7B'

# Use requests to fetch the raw xml
r = requests.get(url)

# Use BeautifulSoup and lxml to parse the raw xml so 
# we can do stuff with it
s = bs(r.text, 'lxml')

# We need to find the data we need. This will find it and create some 
# python lists for us to loop through later

# Find all xml tags named 'url_zip_file' and assign them to variable
links = s.find_all('url_zip_file')

# Find all xml tags named 'last_name' and assign them to variable
last_names = s.find_all('last_name')

# Find all xml tags named 'last_name' and assign them to variable
first_names = s.find_all('first_name')

# Find all xml tags named 'language' and assign them to variable
language = s.find_all('language')

# Assign the language to a variable
english = language[0].text

# Make our new language directory
os.mkdir(english)

# cd into our new language directory
os.chdir(str(english))

# Loop through the last names (ln), first names(fn) and links
# so we can make the directories, download the file, rename the 
# file then we go back a directory and loop again
for ln, fn, link in zip(last_names, first_names, links):
    os.mkdir('Author{}{}'.format(str(ln.text), str(fn.text)))
    os.chdir('Author{}{}'.format(ln.text, fn.text))
    filename = wget.download(link.text)
    os.rename(filename, 'File.zip')
    os.chdir('../')

您可以将其保存到文件中，也可以将其粘贴/输入到 python3 解释器 cli 中，这取决于您。

您需要安装python3-wget和美丽汤4使用 pip 或 easy_install 等

Answer

如果我所做的不是最佳实践，我愿意接受其他方法。

我建议你不要使用bash或sed等等！并使用 python 方式，这绝对是解析您需要解析的 xml 的更好方法。我刚刚用 python3.6 编写并测试了它，它完全符合您的要求。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# Let's import the modules we need
import wget
import os
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs

# Assign the url to a variable (not essential as we 
# only use it once, but it's pythonic)
url = 'https://librivox.org/api/feed/audiobooks/?offset=0&limit=3&fields=%7Blanguage,authors,title,url_zip_file%7B'

# Use requests to fetch the raw xml
r = requests.get(url)

# Use BeautifulSoup and lxml to parse the raw xml so 
# we can do stuff with it
s = bs(r.text, 'lxml')

# We need to find the data we need. This will find it and create some 
# python lists for us to loop through later

# Find all xml tags named 'url_zip_file' and assign them to variable
links = s.find_all('url_zip_file')

# Find all xml tags named 'last_name' and assign them to variable
last_names = s.find_all('last_name')

# Find all xml tags named 'last_name' and assign them to variable
first_names = s.find_all('first_name')

# Find all xml tags named 'language' and assign them to variable
language = s.find_all('language')

# Assign the language to a variable
english = language[0].text

# Make our new language directory
os.mkdir(english)

# cd into our new language directory
os.chdir(str(english))

# Loop through the last names (ln), first names(fn) and links
# so we can make the directories, download the file, rename the 
# file then we go back a directory and loop again
for ln, fn, link in zip(last_names, first_names, links):
    os.mkdir('Author{}{}'.format(str(ln.text), str(fn.text)))
    os.chdir('Author{}{}'.format(ln.text, fn.text))
    filename = wget.download(link.text)
    os.rename(filename, 'File.zip')
    os.chdir('../')

您可以将其保存到文件中，也可以将其粘贴/输入到 python3 解释器 cli 中，这取决于您。

您需要安装python3-wget和美丽汤4使用 pip 或 easy_install 等

Question 2

如果您可以使用，Librivox API 还提供 JSON 输出，并且使用适当的 XML 工具jq解析 JSON 可能比解析 XML 更容易。jq

u='https://librivox.org/api/feed/audiobooks/?offset=0&limit=3&fields=%7Blanguage,authors,title,url_zip_file%7B&format=json'
curl "$u" -sL |
  jq -r '.books[] | "\(.language).\(.authors[0].last_name + .authors[0].first_name).\(.title).zip", .url_zip_file'

给出如下输出：

English.DumasAlexandre.Count of Monte Cristo.zip
http://www.archive.org/download/count_monte_cristo_0711_librivox/count_monte_cristo_0711_librivox_64kb_mp3.zip
English.BalzacHonoré de.Letters of Two Brides.zip
http://www.archive.org/download/letters_brides_0709_librivox/letters_brides_0709_librivox_64kb_mp3.zip
English.DickensCharles.Bleak House.zip
http://www.archive.org/download/bleak_house_cl_librivox/bleak_house_cl_librivox_64kb_mp3.zip

之后使用起来就比较简单了xargs：

curl "$u" -sL |
  jq -r '.books[] | "\(.language).\(.authors[0].last_name + .authors[0].first_name).\(.title).zip", .url_zip_file' |
  xargs -d '\n' -n2 wget -O

其中xargs使用两行作为参数wget，第一行成为-O选项参数，第二行成为 URL。

虽然我会推荐像 Jamie 那样的基于 Python 的解决方案，除了使用 JSON 和 Python 的内置 JSON 功能而不是 bs4。

Answer