Zbook 15 G3 当前正在运行：
- 内核：4.13.0-38-generic
- 英伟达：384.111-0ubuntu0.17.10.1
lspci | grep -i nvi
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GLM [Quadro M1000M] (rev a2)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0fbc (rev a1)
我根本无法通过模拟端口获得任何输出。我知道音频确实有效，因为我通过带有 USB 适配器的 Planranics 耳机获取音频，但内部扬声器和侧面的耳机端口完全静音。
这篇文章似乎最接近我的问题，并且它在某种程度上改变了行为，因为我现在看到了 NVidia hda 设备：
如何使用PulseAudio同时启用内置音频输出和HDMI音频输出？
我将此添加到/etc/pulse/default.pa：
### Load analog device 4/19
#https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PulseAudio/Examples#Simultaneous_HDMI_and_analog_output
load-module module-alsa-sink device=hdmi:0
load-module module-combine-sink sink_name=combined
set-default-sink combined
唯一改变的是，在 pavucontrol 中我现在可以看到 NVidia HDA 设备，但不能在“配置”选项卡上看到。
aplay -l即使完成并重新启动后也会显示相同的输出：
aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
同上amixer：
amixer -d
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',0
Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',1
Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Mono: Playback [on]
系统日志显示此重复，因此有些地方不对：
Apr 19 10:17:19 rbeldin-HP-ZBook-15-G3 pulseaudio[2492]: [pulseaudio] sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: sink is suspended.
奇怪的是，如果我打开 pavucontrol，即使没有声音，我也可以看到输出电平在移动。在配置下，显示的唯一设备是“数字立体声 HDMI（未插入）”，这是正确的，因为我现在没有连接外部显示器。
从 BIOS 级别来看，我唯一要做的就是将视频更改为独立显卡并关闭 NVidia 的安全启动。我记得这曾短暂地与收件箱 nv 驱动程序一起工作过，但我对此不太确定。
不确定此时如何继续或收集哪些数据。任何想法都会有帮助。我有完整的 alsa 信息，但很长，但如果您感兴趣的话，我愿意分享。
答案1
我发现 BIOS 中有一个选项可以启用/禁用内置音频。无论出于何种原因，这都会被触发，因此操作系统看不到这些设备。启用并重新启动后，aplay -L现在显示更多内容：
$ aplay -L
default
Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
pulse
PulseAudio Sound Server
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Front speakers
surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
dmix:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CX20724 Analog
Hardware device with all software conversions
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
HDMI Audio Output
dmix:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=NVidia,DEV=7
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
Direct sample snooping device
dsnoop:CARD=NVidia,DEV=7
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=7
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=7
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
Hardware device with all software conversions