debian 9.4 中可能缺少固件更新

debian 9.4 中可能缺少固件更新

apt update运行后apt upgrade在我的服务器上出现以下错误。

W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/e100/d102e_ucode.bin for module e100
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/e100/d101s_ucode.bin for module e100
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/e100/d101m_ucode.bin for module e100
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8107e-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8107e-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168h-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168g-3.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168g-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8106e-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8106e-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8411-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8411-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8402-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-2.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-1.fw for module r816                                                                                        9
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/phanfw.bin for module netxen_nic
cp: cannot stat '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules': No such file or dir                                                                                        ectory
cp: cannot stat '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules': No such file or dir                                                                                        ectory

我该如何解决?

答案1

首先,如果您的系统工作正常,特别是所有有线和无线网络连接,那么您不需要执行任何操作 - 这些只是警告。在大多数情况下,某些模块无需固件即可正常工作(e100模块),其他模块通常需要固件;具体细节取决于您拥有的硬件。

如果你如果网络设备无法正常工作,那么您应该安装适当的固件。就您而言,您需要的软件包是firmware-misc-nonfree(对于e100固件),firmware-netxen(对于netxen_nic固件),以及firmware-realtek(对于r8169固件)。要安装这些,您必须启用非自由存储库;为此,请编辑/etc/apt/sources.list,找到如下所示的行

deb ... stretch main

(用 URL 代替...),并添加contrib non-free

deb ... stretch main contrib non-free

您可以通过运行自动执行此操作

sed -i.bak 's/stretch[^ ]* main$/& contrib non-free/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

作为根;这将备份您的原始文件,以便/etc/apt/sources.list.bak在出现问题时可以恢复。

然后更新索引并安装缺少的软件包:

apt update
apt install firmware-misc-nonfree firmware-netxen firmware-realtek

并更新你的 initramfs:

update-initramfs -u

答案2

您可能需要检查指定的软件包是否已安装:

sudo apt-cache policy firmware-linux-nonfree

然后安装缺少的固件,运行:

sudo apt-get install firmware-linux-nonfree

之后您可以运行您的:

sudo apt-get update

这应该有帮助。

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