（请阅读评论以便更好地理解）
所以让我从头开始。
我在 Windows 10 中下载了 Ubuntu 并将其刻录到 USB 中。重新启动时，我看到了启动选项并选择Install Linux。我到达了需要格式化所有数据的步骤。我关闭了电脑，因为当时已经很晚了。
当我再次打开电脑时，它显示
Boot device not found
经过多次尝试，我知道我必须安装 Linux，所以我开始了。我选择了“擦除磁盘”，然后出现以下错误：
因此，我选择了“其他”，并得到了以下分区：
我还通过磁盘工具格式化了磁盘，现在它们如下：
GParted 屏幕截图：
并记录
:======================
libparted : 2.3
======================
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 7 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 6 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 10 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 9 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 29 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 28 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 56 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 55 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 60 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 59 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 66 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 65 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 73 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 72 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 79 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 78 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 84 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 83 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 87 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 86 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 92 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 91 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 95 was not found when attempting to remove it
(gpartedbin:19666): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 94 was not found when attempting to remove it
/dev/sdb contains GPT signatures, indicating that it has a GPT table. However, it does not have a valid fake msdos partition table, as it should. Perhaps it was corrupted -- possibly by a program that doesn't understand GPT partition tables. Or perhaps you deleted the GPT table, and are now using an msdos partition table. Is this a GPT partition table?
命令sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda给出以下结果：
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.8
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): D66EE60C-6D4C-4668-8DD8-94D5AAA8A182
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 4077 sectors (2.0 MiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 1050623 512.0 MiB EF00
2 1050624 1550335 244.0 MiB 8300
3 1550336 976771071 465.0 GiB 8E00
gdisk 日志：
sudo gdisk /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.8
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Command (? for help): x
Expert command (? for help): n
Expert command (? for help): w
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
yWarning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.
答案1
我通过玩@TomYan 给出的命令发现了这一点
我用了sudo gdisk -> x -> z
它擦除了整个分区并重新启动（我使用的是 liveusb，所以我只需单击重新启动，然后在稍后的屏幕上输入）
它重新启动了，我单击了“其他”，单击了该分区使其合乎逻辑，然后我创建了挂载点/
并单击继续，它警告我有关交换，但我继续，它成功安装
重新启动后，我添加了 sawp 分区