最近几周，我的笔记本电脑几乎无法使用：
- 几乎每次点击都需要几秒钟才能做出反应
- 我无法同时播放视频和浏览互联网（参考手册，主要由文本组成）（视频会持续冻结约半分钟甚至更长时间）
- 当我尝试在 vim 中保存小的文本文件（例如在编程时）时，磁盘 LED 将闪烁 cca 1-2 秒，保存该文件（在保存文件之前，我切换到不同的控制台并实际开始编译并且使用旧版本的文件运行编译，这并不罕见）
- HDD LED 几乎一直闪烁
- 等等等等。
还有一个问题：偶尔，屏幕上会随机出现小绿点，但过一段时间就会消失（可能是刷新？）。不过，这种情况并不是一直发生 - 确实只是偶尔发生。
有问题的笔记本电脑是：
- HP EliteBook 8760w（因此，它的速度绝对不会太慢，无法完成我想要的工作）
- Debian wheezy 和 KDE
- 我已经更新内核几次以尝试解决该问题，当前版本是 3.2.0-4-686-pae。
- 显卡是01:00.0 VGA兼容控制器：NVIDIA Corporation GF104 [Quadro 3000M] (rev a1)。
我也在我的硬盘上运行了 SMART 测试，但它（大部分）似乎没问题（至少对我来说） - 请参阅这篇文章末尾的输出（是的，它是 /dev/sdb，因为 /dev/sda 是 USB 记忆棒上的启动分区，而我的其余文件系统都已加密）。
我在 Google 上搜索了很多次，尝试了所有我找到的技巧，但仍然没有成功。有人遇到过类似的问题吗？有人知道我该如何解决这个问题吗？
谢谢，
.mq。
# smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [i686-linux-3.2.0-4-686-pae] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: TOSHIBA MK5061GSYN
Serial Number: 71FID1E7B
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 36ae044ae
Firmware Version: MH000C
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Tue Feb 19 00:02:06 2013 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x85) Offline data collection activity
was aborted by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 120) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x51) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 110) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0027 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 100 100 002 Pre-fail Always - 2304
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 262
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 093 093 010 Pre-fail Always - 146
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0025 100 100 050 Pre-fail Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 071 071 000 Old_age Always - 11935
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 105 100 030 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 237
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 001 Old_age Always - 1
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
185 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 001 Old_age Always - 65535
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 009 009 000 Old_age Always - 91
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 001 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 058 050 040 Old_age Always - 42 (Min/Max 40/45)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 870
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 4718664
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 078 078 000 Old_age Always - 227024
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 27
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 91 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 91 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2672 hours (111 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 0a 2f 93 6e 64 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x046e932f = 74355503
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 18 20 28 d4 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:31.993 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 18 08 d4 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:31.993 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 10 e8 d3 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:31.993 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 d8 d3 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:31.993 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 40 10 40 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:31.944 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 90 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2672 hours (111 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 1a 2f 93 6e 64 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x046e932f = 74355503
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 50 58 18 01 40 00 2d+05:02:28.819 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 48 d8 d2 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:28.819 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 40 e8 d2 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:28.819 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 38 08 d3 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:28.819 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 30 28 d3 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:28.819 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 89 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2672 hours (111 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 3a 2f 93 6e 64 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x046e932f = 74355503
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 48 d8 d1 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:25.694 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 40 e8 d1 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:25.694 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 38 28 93 6e 40 00 2d+05:02:25.694 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 30 08 d2 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:25.694 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 18 28 28 d2 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:25.694 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 88 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2672 hours (111 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 12 2f 93 6e 64 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x046e932f = 74355503
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 40 38 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:22.553 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 38 30 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:22.553 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 30 28 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:22.553 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 28 20 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:22.553 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 20 18 09 70 40 00 2d+05:02:22.553 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 87 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2672 hours (111 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 92 2f 93 6e 64 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x046e932f = 74355503
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 90 28 93 6e 40 00 2d+05:02:19.370 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 88 d0 cf 1b 40 00 2d+05:02:19.370 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 80 c0 ff 6f 40 00 2d+05:02:19.370 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 78 c8 ff 6f 40 00 2d+05:02:19.370 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 70 d0 ff 6f 40 00 2d+05:02:19.370 READ FPDMA QUEUED
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 11935 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11933 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
答案1
我不相信这（仅仅）是磁盘问题。您可以通过尝试 LiveCD 来排除磁盘问题。同样，通过关闭网络并查看会发生什么来排除网络问题。等等：尝试通过尽可能断开/禁用连接来减少变量。
查看/var/log/messages，这可能会显示一些不寻常的活动。您甚至可以安装 sysstat（该软件包应该适用于所有 Linux 发行版），将其配置为记录活动，并在几个小时后查看。这可能会提供一些线索。
一切都是最新的吗？有第三方软件包（视频驱动程序、网卡）吗？用发行版中的软件包替换它们吗？
报告是什么意思free(1)？ 输出的内容是什么top(1)？
答案2
这可能取决于您使用的是哪个发行版。我知道我在电脑上装了 mint，它运行很慢。考虑到我是一个狂热的 Windows 用户，这给我留下了不好的印象。一个应该非常快、资源占用低的操作系统却运行得非常慢，这让我很不爽。换句话说，问题不在于你的硬件。问题在于操作系统。尝试加载不同的操作系统并将其安装在同一个驱动器上。如果安装后该操作系统同样慢，我会调查硬件问题。如果新操作系统比另一个操作系统运行得更快，我会调查软件。