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Debian 上的 apt 软件包管理器将软件包列为可升级但不升级

tag-icon • tag-icon debian apt upgrade firefox
Debian 上的 apt 软件包管理器将软件包列为可升级但不升级

这个问题类似于Debian Linux 不更新软件包，但就我而言，较新的软件包不是来自backports：

§ apt list --upgradable
Listing... Done
firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb/stable 60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 all [upgradable from: 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1]
N: There is 1 additional version. Please use the '-a' switch to see it

§ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

§ apt policy firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb
firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb:
  Installed: 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
  Candidate: 60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2
  Version table:
     60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 500
        500 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages
 *** 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1 500
        500 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

§ apt policy firefox-esr
firefox-esr:
  Installed: 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
  Candidate: 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
  Version table:
     60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 500
        500 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages
 *** 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1 30000
        500 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

§ apt -s install firefox-esr=60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      apt needs root privileges for real execution.
      Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
      so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb
Suggested packages:
  fonts-stix | otf-stix
The following packages will be upgraded:
  firefox-esr firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Inst firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb [52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1] (60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 Debian-Security:9/stable [all]) []
Inst firefox-esr [52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1] (60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 Debian-Security:9/stable [amd64])
Conf firefox-esr-l10n-en-gb (60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 Debian-Security:9/stable [all])
Conf firefox-esr (60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 Debian-Security:9/stable [amd64])

这是什么意思？为什么firefox-esr不升级？

更新

在 Stephen Kitt 回答之后，我发现了一个文件/etc/apt/preferences.d/apt-listbugs，是今天早上我运行升级时创建的，其中包含以下内容：

Explanation: Pinned by apt-listbugs at 2018-09-11 08:11:30 +0200
Explanation:   #908396: firefox-esr: stopped working after upgrade from 59 to 60
Explanation:   #908449: (no subject)
Package: firefox-esr
Pin: version 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
Pin-Priority: 30000

这是什么意思？

答案1

您已firefox-esr以非常高的优先级固定到当前安装的版本：

 *** 52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1 30000

这可以防止安装具有较低 PIN 优先级的任何其他版本，包括仅具有优先级 500 的安全更新：

     60.2.0esr-1~deb9u2 500

该 pin 来自apt-listbugs：它决定（或者被告知 - 我认为它总是会询问，但可能有一些配置没有这样做）应该暂停对 Firefox 60 的升级，直到出现错误908396和908449是固定的。这些错误与 SSE2 指令的新要求有关i386；因为您正在运行amd64，所以它们与您无关，并且您升级应该是安全的。

您需要删除 pin 优先级才能继续升级。删除/etc/apt/preferences.d/apt-listbugs，如果apt-listbugs再次询问您，请告诉它您确实要升级。

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