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以其他（非 root）用户身份在 Synology DSM 5 上使用无密码 SSH

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以其他（非 root）用户身份在 Synology DSM 5 上使用无密码 SSH

我试图以非 root 身份通过 ssh 进入我的 Synology 磁盘站，无需密码（公钥认证）。

当我尝试以 root 身份不使用密码进行 ssh 时，它可以工作。对其他用户执行完全相同的步骤则不起作用。它总是要求输入密码（此外，使用密码也可以工作）。

我已遵循那里的所有指南，但我认为它们都是针对 DSM 4.x 而不是新的 5.0 版本。

SSH 调试日志

这是我尝试使用 -vvv 标志时的调试日志：

aether@aether-desktop:~$ ssh -vvv [email protected]
OpenSSH_6.2p2 Ubuntu-6ubuntu0.2, OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to aether-ds.local [192.168.2.149] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/home/aether/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048
debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/aether/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.2p2 Ubuntu-6ubuntu0.2
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 pat OpenSSH_5*
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "aether-ds.local" from file "/home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-dss
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: RSA f1:57:47:37:47:d4:5c:cd:a7:a4:5a:9c:a3:e8:1d:13
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "aether-ds.local" from file "/home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "192.168.2.149" from file "/home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host 'aether-ds.local' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/aether/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug2: key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_rsa (0x7f4ee2f47200),
debug2: key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)),
debug2: key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)),
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_rsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Trying private key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/aether/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/aether/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/aether/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup password
debug3: remaining preferred: ,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email protected]'s password:

任何帮助均感激不尽。

我迄今为止尝试过的事情

  • 检查 /etc/ssh/sshd_config (RSAAuthentication、PubkeyAuthentication、AuthorizedKeysFile)。
  • 检查 .ssh/* 权限和所有权。尝试了几种组合。
  • 检查 ~/.profile 中的 HOME var。
  • 通过 synoservicectl --restart sshd 重新启动 sshd 并重新启动整个 NAS。

答案1

我也遇到了同样的问题。我使用“/usr/syno/sbin/sshd -d”在 DiskStation 上以调试模式运行 sshd 实例，然后使用“ssh user@DiskSation -vvv”连接到它，并在服务器上获得了调试信息：

......

调试1：暂时使用uid：1026/100（e=0/0）

debug1：尝试公钥文件 /var/services/homes/user/.ssh/authorized_keys

debug1：fd 5 清除 O_NONBLOCK

身份验证被拒绝：目录 /volume1/homes/user 的所有权或模式错误

......

我意识到主文件夹也需要正确的权限：

cd /var/services/homes/
chown <username> <username>
chmod 755 <username>

并替换为实际用户名，如“用户”。

终于问题解决！

答案2

您需要将您的主目录 chmod 为 755（synology 默认为 777）

nas> ls -al
total 28
drwxrwxrwx  6 root     root  4096 2014-07-13 03:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 13 root     root  4096 2014-07-13 03:00 ..
drwxrwxrwx  3 admin    users 4096 2014-07-13 03:00 admin
...
nas> chmod 755 /home/admin
nas> ls -al
total 28
drwxrwxrwx  6 root     root  4096 2014-07-13 03:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 13 root     root  4096 2014-07-13 03:00 ..
drwxr-xr-x  3 admin    users 4096 2014-07-13 03:00 admin

答案3

由于您的权限.ssh和authorized_keys设置正确，只需验证您的主目录（）的权限/home/aether/是否设置正确（chmod 755 /home/aether/）。

我无法使用默认权限（）登录711，更改权限后就可以了。

欢呼 Stephan

答案4

DSM 6.0 也有同样的问题，已解决，感谢此主题在 Synology 论坛上

看起来用户主页权限太宽松了？

chmod 755 /var/services/homes/[username]

允许它工作

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