BitLocker USB 驱动器在访问时被删除,文件系统已损坏,可以修复吗?

BitLocker USB 驱动器在访问时被删除,文件系统已损坏,可以修复吗?

(如同:访问时驱动器被移除,文件系统已损坏,可以修复吗?但由于驱动器的复杂性BitLocker在...)

您好,我在使用启用了 BitLocker 加密的 8GB PNY Attaché USB 2.0 记忆棒时遇到以下问题。

上周,我急着下班赶火车,因此我尝试在 Windows 7 笔记本电脑上“安全删除硬件并弹出媒体”,同时我仍在使用 DjVu 访问上述驱动器。如果我没记错的话,在看到建议我不要移除 USB 的警告后,我确实关闭了该应用程序,并且在关闭工作笔记本电脑时,我移除了驱动器。显然,发生了以下情况(根据事件查看器日志条目):

Windows detected your registry file is still in use by other applications or services. The file will be unloaded now. The applications or services that hold your registry file may not function properly afterwards.

DETAIL -
8 user registry handles leaked from \Registry\User\:
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\NamedSettings\UNIV
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\ApplicationDefaults
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\ApplicationDefaults
Process 1268 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\svchost.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings
Process 1268 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\svchost.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\NamedSettings
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\NamedSettings
Process 4224 (\Device\HarddiskVolume2\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe) has opened key \REGISTRY\USER\Software\Xerox\PrinterDriver\V5.0\ApplicationDefaults\UNIV
Device action request for device 'USB\VID_154B&PID_0048\AAAB025100000314' was vetoed by 'STORAGE\Volume\_??_USBSTOR#Disk&Ven_PNY&Prod_USB_2.0_FD&Rev_8192#AAAB025100000314&0#{53f56307-b6bf-11d0-94f2-00a0c91efb8b}' with veto type 5.

第二天早上,我想从 U 盘上复制一些文件,并尝试在家里的 Windows 8.1 笔记本电脑上使用它;花了很长时间才弹出窗口通知我这是 BitLocker 加密的 USB 密钥,因此,我再次(愚蠢地)将其删除了。

事件查看器条目如下:

The driver detected a controller error on \Device\Harddisk1\DR2.
The driver \Driver\WUDFRd failed to load for the device WpdBusEnumRoot\UMB\2&37c186b&0&STORAGE#VOLUME#_??_USBSTOR#DISK&VEN_PNY&PROD_USB_2.0_FD&REV_8192#AAAB025100000314&0#.

当我这样做的时候,窗口终于短暂地出现了。当我重新插入它时,我看到了非常熟悉的可怕的“您需要格式化...”窗口。

当我点击“取消”时,我被告知“位置不可用”:磁盘管理也无济于事——USB 现在是“RAW”

我使用了 repair-bde,结果如下:

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.3.9600]
(c) 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\WINDOWS\system32>repair-bde G: F: -pw -F
BitLocker Drive Encryption: Repair Tool version 6.3.9600
Copyright (C) 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Enter the password to unlock this volume:
Beginning scan for BitLocker metadata.

Scanning boot sectors for pointer to metadata: 100%
Scanning sector boundaries for metadata: 100%
Finished scanning for BitLocker metadata.
LOG INFO: 0x0000002a
Valid metadata at offset 35762176 found at scan level 4.
LOG INFO: 0x0000002b
Successfully created repair context.
Beginning decryption.
Decrypting: 100% Complete.
Finished decryption.

ACTION REQUIRED: Run 'chkdsk F: /f' before viewing decrypted data.

C:\WINDOWS\system32>chkdsk F: /f
The type of the file system is NTFS.
The first NTFS boot sector is unreadable or corrupt.
Reading second NTFS boot sector instead.
Unable to determine volume version and state. CHKDSK aborted.

有趣的是,当我尝试使用“错误”密码时,它会对此发出抱怨(与 LOG INFO 有关……)。使用 repair-bde 和“.img”文件也不起作用 - 尽管我没有看到任何警告或错误消息:

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.3.9600]
(c) 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\WINDOWS\system32>repair-bde G: F:\recover.img -pw -force
BitLocker Drive Encryption: Repair Tool version 6.3.9600
Copyright (C) 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Enter the password to unlock this volume:
Beginning scan for BitLocker metadata.

Scanning boot sectors for pointer to metadata: 100%
Scanning sector boundaries for metadata: 100%
Finished scanning for BitLocker metadata.
LOG INFO: 0x0000002a
Valid metadata at offset 35729920 found at scan level 4.
LOG INFO: 0x0000002b
Successfully created repair context.
Beginning decryption.
Decrypting: 100% Complete.
Finished decryption.

生成的 *.img 文件的大小为 7.46 GB(8,011,390,464 字节),但您可能已经猜到了,它无法使用 7-Zip、WinRar 或 Windows 资源管理器打开;它是一个损坏的档案。

我甚至尝试在 Ubuntu 14.04 机器上使用 ddrescue 来挽救磁盘内容(按照(iBoyd) » 从故障的 Bitlocker 硬盘恢复数据– 也没有运气,尽管再次没有错误消息:

user@laptop:~$ sudo ddrescue /dev/sdc /dev/sdb ~/Downloads/rescue.log -r -1 -a 10000 -d --force
[sudo] password for user:


GNU ddrescue 1.17
Press Ctrl-C to interrupt
rescued: 8019 MB, errsize: 0 B, current rate: 21522 kB/s
ipos: 7356 MB, errors: 0, average rate: 4450 kB/s
opos: 7356 MB, time since last successful read: 0 s
Finished

然后我尝试测试磁盘,但仍然没有任何结果:

Sat May 3 00:28:38 2014
Command line: TestDisk

TestDisk 6.14, Data Recovery Utility, July 2013
Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]>
CGSecurity - Data recovery: TestDisk & PhotoRec
OS: Linux, kernel 3.13.0-24-generic (#46-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 10 19:11:08 UTC 2014) x86_64
Compiler: GCC 4.8
Compilation date: 2013-10-29T01:29:29
ext2fs lib: 1.42.9, ntfs lib: libntfs-3g, reiserfs lib: none, ewf lib: none
/dev/sda: LBA, HPA, LBA48, DCO support
/dev/sda: size 976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: user_max 976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: native_max 976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: dco 976773168 sectors
Warning: can't get size for Disk /dev/mapper/control - 0 B - 1 sectors, sector size=512
Hard disk list
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63, sector size=512 - Hitachi HTS725050A9A364,
Disk /dev/sdb - 8019 MB / 7648 MiB - CHS 974 255 63, sector size=512 - PNY USB 2.0 FD, FW:8192

Partition table type (auto): Intel
Disk /dev/sdb - 8019 MB / 7648 MiB - PNY USB 2.0 FD
Partition table type: Intel

Analyse Disk /dev/sdb - 8019 MB / 7648 MiB - CHS 974 255 63
Geometry from i386 MBR: head=255 sector=63
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 07
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=2
Current partition structure:
Invalid NTFS or EXFAT boot
1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 973 254 63 15647247
1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 973 254 63 15647247

search_part()
Disk /dev/sdb - 8019 MB / 7648 MiB - CHS 974 255 63

Results
Can't open backup.log file: No such file or directory
interface_load
Change partition type:
HPFS - NTFS 0 0 1 973 254 63 15647310

interface_write()

No partition found or selected for recovery
NTFS signature is missing.
NTFS signature is missing.
simulate write!

write_mbr_i386: starting...
write_all_log_i386: starting...
No extended partition

Interface Advanced
Geometry from i386 MBR: head=255 sector=63
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 07
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=2
1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 973 254 63 15647247

1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 973 254 63 15647247
Can't open filesystem. Filesystem seems damaged.
New options :
Dump : Yes
Align partition: Yes
Expert mode : Yes

TestDisk exited normally.

我尝试过许多商业软件包的演示版/试用版,但都没有成功。我还查看了 WinHex – 与“健康”的启用 BitLocker 的 USB 密钥相比,其输出结果看起来并不理想。

我还能挽救这张磁盘吗?非常感谢您的帮助!

答案1

我想这实际上不是一个答案。但是,我希望它仍然能对其他人有所帮助。

遗憾的是,我认为您在使用加密驱动器(尤其是可移动驱动器)方面已经得到了相当惨痛的教训。

所有加密驱动器(无论是否可移动)都更容易受到损坏问题的影响。这使得确保备份数据变得更加重要。显然,备份也需要加密,这又意味着您应该保留多份备份。备份的实际最低数量是三份。这些应该保存在不同的位置。

对于家庭使用,我将数据保存在本地 PC 上,复制到 NAS(NAS 驱动器数据在 NAS 内重复,虽然不是真正的强大备份,但如果本地磁盘出现故障则很方便)并复制到安全的云备份,例如 CrashPlan。

任何形式的可移动介质都不能算是坚​​固耐用的。闪存记忆棒和其他可移动介质一样容易发生故障。我不知道确切的统计数据,但我自己的经验是,记忆棒发生故障的可能性与硬盘一样,而不是老式软盘。CD 和 DVD 的可靠性变化很大,有些在存储几年后就会发生故障,而有些则会持续十年或更长时间。

抱歉,没有真正的答案,但我认为这总是值得重复的,以便更多的人了解良好备份流程的必要性。

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