我的 Debian 8 机器上安装了以下与 Java 相关的软件包
# sudo dpkg -l | grep -i java
ii ca-certificates-java 20140324 all Common CA certificates (JKS keystore)
ii java-common 0.52 all Base of all Java packages
ii libatk-wrapper-java 0.30.5-1 all ATK implementation for Java using JNI
ii libatk-wrapper-java-jni:amd64 0.30.5-1 amd64 ATK implementation for Java using JNI (JNI bindings)
ii openjdk-7-jre:amd64 7u181-2.6.14-1~deb8u1 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
ii openjdk-7-jre-headless:amd64 7u181-2.6.14-1~deb8u1 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
ii tzdata-java 2018e-0+deb8u1 all time zone and daylight-saving time data for use by java runtimes
我只想安装 Java 8，但我不断遇到依赖问题：
# sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
openjdk-8-jre : Depends: openjdk-8-jre-headless (= 8u171-b11-1~bpo8+1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
# sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
openjdk-8-jre-headless : Breaks: ca-certificates-java (< 20160321~) but 20140324 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
如何升级到 Java 8，同时解决所有依赖关系问题？
答案1
您需要告诉apt考虑向后移植的包：
apt -t jessie-backports install openjdk-8-jre