我为运行 Debian 的 ARM-Board 购买了一个 USB 以太网适配器，以便拥有第二个接口。我编译并加载了驱动程序/模块，设备正在被识别：
[ 5.285487] usb 2-1.3.1: new high speed USB device number 5 using usb20_host
[ 5.410218] usb 2-1.3.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0b95, idProduct=1790
[ 5.415139] usb 2-1.3.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 5.419292] usb 2-1.3.1: Product: AX88179
[ 5.423656] usb 2-1.3.1: Manufacturer: ASIX Elec. Corp.
[ 5.428398] usb 2-1.3.1: SerialNumber: 00803F5AF88883
[ 38.570534] ax88179_178a 2-1.3.1:1.0: eth1: register 'ax88179_178a' at usb-usb20_host-1.3.1, ASIX AX88179 USB 3.0 Gigabit Ethernet, 80:4a:56:02:1e:84
更多信息：
lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUB
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:0724 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 2109:2812
Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0b95:1790 ASIX Electronics Corp.
然后我就跑了
ifconfig eth1 up
ifconfig eth1 192.168.2.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
然后显示为：
ifconfig eth1
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 80:4a:56:02:1e:84
inet addr:192.168.2.2 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
但是当连接到 ARM 板时，设备上的 LED（用于连接和活动）永远不会显示。因此，我检查了功耗（尽管 USB 以太网适配器是通过活动的 USB 集线器连接的）：
lsusb -s 002:005 -v | grep MaxPower
MaxPower 248mA
此外，我无法从外部 ping 通 IP，也无法访问网络中的任何其他 PC 或网关。因此，似乎 I/O 根本不起作用。当连接到运行 OpenSUSE 13.1（附带驱动程序）的笔记本电脑时，适配器完全正常工作，并且闪烁。有什么想法可能导致此问题吗？
EDIT2：在当前设置中，两个接口都连接到同一个交换机，我也交换了电缆，并尝试了总共 5 种不同的电缆，当使用 USB 适配器将笔记本电脑连接到同一个交换机时，它们都可以工作：
# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: Not reported
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 10Mb/s
Duplex: Half
Port: MII
PHYAD: 3
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pg
Wake-on: g
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: no
# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 100Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: MII
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: external
Auto-negotiation: on
Link detected: yes
这里进一步介绍一下配置：
ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr de:ad:ff:ad:fe:ef
inet addr:192.168.178.3 Bcast:192.168.178.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1295 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1115 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:321305 (313.7 KiB) TX bytes:184021 (179.7 KiB)
Interrupt:51
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 80:4a:56:02:1e:84
inet addr:192.168.178.10 Bcast:192.168.178.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 16436 qdisc noop state DOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether de:ad:ff:ad:fe:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.178.3/24 brd 192.168.178.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.2.2/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0
8: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 80:4a:56:02:1e:84 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.178.10/24 brd 192.168.178.255 scope global eth1
答案1
您应该确保路由表和 DNS 配置正确。要修复第一个问题，请执行以下操作：
sudo ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 dev eth1
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.2.1
其次，以 sudo 身份将以下两行添加到 /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4