重新使用损坏的磁盘

2024-6-16 • tag-icon

我的 Western-Digital 硬盘 (WDC WD3200BEVT-80A0RT1) 昨天坏了。我不在乎上面的数据，但我想重新使用这个磁盘。只要我不再有 Windows 安装 DVD（使用它的修复功能），我就想安装 Linux Mint。我认为可以重新格式化并重新使用磁盘。但重新格式化后安装 Linux 失败了（某种磁盘错误，我没有捕获到，但磁盘被格式化为ext4）。所以我试图修复坏扇区。e2fsck失败，原因如下：

mint@mint:~ >sudo e2fsck -cpfv /dev/sda
e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda
/dev/sda: 
The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

使用-b 8193和-b 32768会得到相同的结果。sudo swapoff -a为了清楚起见，我也执行并重试了，但没有成功。我在 Google 上搜索mke2fs -n并执行了它：

mint@mint:~ >sudo mke2fs -n /dev/sda
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
/dev/sda is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
19537920 inodes, 78142806 blocks
3907140 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
2385 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616

这些超级区块均未能sudo e2fsck -b <...> -cpfv /dev/sda成功。

最后，我运行了一个测试磁盘（花费约 1 天），它给了我一个包含约 20 个分区的列表：

Disk /dev/sda - 320 GB / 298 GiB - CHS 38913 255 63

Warning: the current number of heads per cylinder is 255
but the correct value may be 32.
You can use the Geometry menu to change this value.
It's something to try if
- some partitions are not found by TestDisk
- or the partition table can not be written because partitions overlaps.


Disk /dev/sda - 320 GB / 298 GiB - CHS 38913 255 63
     Partition               Start        End    Size in sectors
   FAT32 LBA                0   1  1 30687 254 63  493002657 [FD_BETA9SR2]
   Linux                    0  32 33  3647  67  4   58591232
   HPFS - NTFS              0  32 40    12 223 19     204793
>  HPFS - NTFS             12 223 19    25 158 61     204793
   HPFS - NTFS             12 223 20  9787 241 54  157036544
   HPFS - NTFS             12 223 27  9787 241 54  157036537
   Linux                 3647  99 37  5471   5 38   29296640
   Linux                 5471   5 39 37940 182  2  521625600
   Linux                 6527  21 23  7179 201 62   10485760
   Linux                 6527 183 57  7180 109 33   10485760
   Linux                 6528 123 60  7181  49 36   10485760
   Linux                 6529 129  1  7182  54 40   10485760
   Linux                 9339 248 62  9992 174 38   10485760
   Linux                 9341  96 36  9994  22 12   10485760
   Linux                 9342 166 41  9995  92 17   10485760
   Linux                 9577 218 50 10230 144 26   10485760
   Linux                 9602  52 51 10254 233 27   10485760
   HPFS - NTFS           9787 241 54 19563   5 18  157036537
   HPFS - NTFS           9787 241 55 38913  70  5  467898368
   HPFS - NTFS           9787 241 62 38913  70  5  467898361
   Linux                29792  47 16 30902 206 24   17842176 [_CentOS-6.5-x86_]
   Linux                29794  89 56 30904 249  1   17842176 [_CentOS-6.5-x86_]
   Linux Swap           37940 214 35 38913  37 36   15620096

我尝试更换每个磁柱的磁头，但是 testdisk 抱怨道：Warning: the current number of heads per cylinder is 32 but the correct value may be 255.

然后我就卡住了，因为我不明白这个输出，以及我怎样才能从这里修复磁盘。

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