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带有外部 WiFi 卡的 Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Hostapd

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带有外部 WiFi 卡的 Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Hostapd

我正在尝试使用外部 USB WiFi 卡以及 hostapd 和 dsnmasq 在 Raspberry Pi 3 上设置 AP。我已经成功地使用内部 WiFi 卡实现了这一目标，但是当我尝试切换到外部 WiFi 卡时，出现以下错误：

$ sudo /usr/sbin/hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Configuration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
nl80211: Could not configure driver mode
nl80211: deinit ifname=wlan1 disabled_11b_rates=0
nl80211 driver initialization failed.
wlan1: interface state UNINITIALIZED->DISABLED
wlan1: AP-DISABLED 
hostapd_free_hapd_data: Interface wlan1 wasn't started

我相信这是因为默认情况下 hostapd 使用nl80211驱动程序。这是lsusb-的输出Bus 001 Device 004: ID 148f:3072 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT3072 Wireless Adapter。这是的输出lshw

  *-network:1
       description: Wireless interface
       physical id: 3
       bus info: usb@1:1.4
       logical name: wlan1
       serial: 98:3f:9f:24:a2:00
       capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=4.14.71-v7+ firmware=0.36 ip=10.100.100.254 link=no m
ulticast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11

显然这张卡正在使用rt2080usb驱动程序，但是当我尝试将其放入hostapd.conf并手动启动时，hostapd出现以下错误：

$ sudo /usr/sbin/hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Configuration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Line 3: invalid/unknown driver 'rt2080usb'
1 errors found in configuration file '/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf'
Failed to set up interface with /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Failed to initialize interface

这是我的hostapd.conf文件：

interface=wlan1
ssid=WiPi
driver=rt2080usb
hw_mode=g
ieee80211n=1
wmm_enabled=1
channel=4
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=3
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=3
wpa_passphrase=wifipasswordhere
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
ht_capab=[HT20][SHORT-GI-20]

[编辑] 这是命令的输出iwconfig：

wlan1     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
          Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short  long limit:2   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off

wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
          Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=31 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on

这是命令的输出iw list：

valid interface combinations:
         * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8,
           total <= 8, #channels <= 1

[编辑2] 这是我启动“hostapd”时的输出：

$ sudo /usr/sbin/hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf 
Configuration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Using interface wlan1 with hwaddr 98:3f:9f:24:a2:00 and ssid "WiPi"
random: Only 16/20 bytes of strong random data available from /dev/random
random: Not enough entropy pool available for secure operations
WPA: Not enough entropy in random pool for secure operations - update keys later when the first station connects
wlan1: interface state UNINITIALIZED->ENABLED
wlan1: AP-ENABLED

这是输出iwconfig：

wlan1     IEEE 802.11  Mode:Master  Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short  long limit:2   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off

这是hostapd我尝试连接到我的 essid WiPi 并运行速度测试时的日志：

$ Configuration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Using interface wlan1 with hwaddr 98:3f:9f:24:a2:00 and ssid "WiPi"
wlan1: interface state UNINITIALIZED->ENABLED
wlan1: AP-ENABLED 
wlan1: STA 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b IEEE 802.11: authenticated
wlan1: STA 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b IEEE 802.11: associated (aid 1)
wlan1: AP-STA-CONNECTED 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b
wlan1: STA 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b RADIUS: starting accounting session 5BEC735C-00000000
wlan1: STA 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b WPA: pairwise key handshake completed (RSN)
wlan1: AP-STA-DISCONNECTED 94:65:2d:d4:e0:5b
Failed to set beacon parameters
wlan1: INTERFACE-DISABLED 
wlan1: INTERFACE-ENABLED 
Failed to set beacon parameters
wlan1: INTERFACE-DISABLED 
wlan1: INTERFACE-ENABLED 
Failed to set beacon parameters
handle_probe_req: send failed

[编辑3]：我已将hostapd调试模式运行sudo hostapd -dd -P /run/hostapd.pid -B -f /tmp/hostapd.log /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf设置为打开并将日志文件上传到帕斯特宾

答案1

这应该有帮助： https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-wifiencrypthostapd/index.html

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Hostapd

auth_algs=1 #限制为wpa

wpa=1 #限制为wpa

另外：您设置了 ieee80211n=1 和 hw_mode=g 设置，尝试设置 ieee80211n=0 或删除该选项，看看是否有帮助。

如果您根本不打算使用内部卡，我会将内部卡列入黑名单，然后配置外部卡以与 hostapd 一起使用，或者如果安装了 GUI，则只需使用连接管理器中的 setup ap 选项来共享您的有线联系。如果您尝试上述任一选项，请确保您修改的所有文件（控制 hostapd 的文件除外）都恢复为原始文件。

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