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哨兵值-1的shell脚本

tag-icon • tag-icon shell-script shell scripting
哨兵值-1的shell脚本 
#!/bin/bash

set -x

count=0
number=0
loops=0
average=0

read -p " Please enter a number between 1 and 100? " number

while [ $count -lt $number ]
done

average=`expr $score / $number`

echo $average

创建一个 shell 程序，要求用户输入 1 到 100 之间的数字，并在输入标记值 -1 后退出循环。程序必须保存所有循环迭代的计数、总计数以及程序结束后的平均次数。

我猜我必须使用一个if声明，但我不太知道该怎么做。

答案1

可能有更有效的方法可以做到这一点，但以下脚本应该可以完成这项工作：

#!/bin/bash

loops=0
sum=0

# Loop forever
while true; do
    read -p "Please enter a number between 1 and 100: " input

    # Check for the exit condition.
    if [[ $input -eq -1 ]]; then
        break
    fi

    # Use a regex to check that input is a one-digit, two-digit or three-digit number and that the input is in [1,100] .
    if [[ $input =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}$ && $input -gt 0 && $input -le 100 ]]; then
        # Use arithmetic expansion to increment loop counter and add the new input to sum.
        ((loops++))
        ((sum += input))
    else
        echo "Invalid input. Skipping..."
    fi

done

# For the edge case where there is no valid input.
if [[ $loops -eq 0 ]]; then
    echo "Average undefined - no valid input."
    exit
fi

average=$((sum/loops))

echo "Average: $average"

示例运行：

Please enter a number between 1 and 100: 2
Please enter a number between 1 and 100: 3
Please enter a number between 1 and 100: 4
Please enter a number between 1 and 100: 5
Please enter a number between 1 and 100: 6
Please enter a number between 1 and 100: -1
Average: 4

答案2

我没有正确理解你的要求。尽管如此，我还是尽力做到最好。如果您需要其他内容，请在下面发表评论，以便我可以编辑此答案。

这是外壳脚本：

$ cat sentinel_2.sh
score=0
loops=0
average=0
while :
do
        read -p "Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : " number
        if ! [ "$number" -eq "$number" ] 2> /dev/null
        then
                echo "Not integer"
        elif [ $number -eq -1 ]
        then
                echo "You entered -1, program exits"
                break
        elif [ $number -gt 100 ] || [ $number -lt 1 ]
        then
                echo "Out of range"
        else
                loops=`expr $loops + 1`
                score=`expr $score + $number`
                echo 'iteration= '$loops' and score = '${score}
        fi
done
echo 'Final score = ' $score
echo 'Total iterations= ' $loops
if [ $score -eq 0 ] || [ $loops -eq 0 ]
then
        echo "score and iteration are needed to calculate average"
else
        echo 'Average = Final Score / Total iterations'
        average=$(($score / $loops))
        echo 'Average is = '${average}
fi

示例输出：

$ sh sentinel_2.sh
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 3
iteration= 1 and score = 3
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 5
iteration= 2 and score = 8
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 2
iteration= 3 and score = 10
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : abcd
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 102
Out of range
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 4
iteration= 4 and score = 14
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : -1
You entered -1, program exits
Final score =  14
Total iterations=  4
Average = Final Score / Total iterations
Average is = 3

具有负面情况的示例输出：

$ sh sentinel_2.sh
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 :
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 :
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 :
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : abc
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 100
iteration= 1 and score = 100
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 102
Out of range
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : -1
You entered -1, program exits
Final score =  100
Total iterations=  1
Average = Final Score / Total iterations
Average is = 100
$ sh sentinel_2.sh
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 0
Out of range
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : 102
Out of range
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : abcd
Not integer
Please enter a number between 1 and 100 : -1
You entered -1, program exits
Final score =  0
Total iterations=  0
score and iteration are needed to calculate average

答案3

#!/bin/bash

declare -i num total avg cnt ;

while read -p "Enter a number: " num ; do
    [[ "$num" == "" ]] || [[ $num -eq 0 ]] || [[ $num -gt 100 ]] || [[ $num -lt -1 ]] && echo "ERROR: Out of range" && continue;
    [ $num -eq -1 ] && break ;

    ((cnt++));
    ((total+=$num));
    avg=$(($total/$cnt));
done ;

echo "Count: $cnt Total: $total Avg: $avg"

答案4

而不是使用if- 语句：

#!/bin/bash

while IFS= read -r -p 'Enter number 1-100: '
do
    case $REPLY in
        -1)
            break
            ;;
        [1-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)
            sum=$(( sum + REPLY ))
            nums=$(( nums + 1 ))
            ;;
        *)
            printf '%s is not a valid input\n' "$REPLY" >&2
    esac
done

printf '\n'
printf 'Sum of %d numbers is %d\n' "$nums" "$sum"
printf 'Avg of %d numbers is %d\n' "$nums" "$(( sum/nums ))"

这使用模式[1-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100来匹配有效输入（数字 1-9、10-99 和 100）。它还允许用户通过按 退出循环Ctrl+D，这通常用于表示输入结束。

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