我使用的是 Vaio 笔记本电脑，配备 Debian Jessie / W10 双启动和 Grub 2.02~beta2-22+deb8u1。自从 W10 最新更新以来，我的 grub-efi 出现了一些奇怪的问题。
当我启动计算机时，收到此错误消息并提示：
error: unknown filesystem.
grub rescue> set
cmdpath=(hd0,gpt3)/EFI/Boot
prefix=(hd0,gpt7)/boot/grub
root=hd0,gpt7
问题已经很明显了。当我将prefix和重新指向root时gpt8，grub 可以正常启动。所以现在我想使用update-grub和使这些更改永久生效grub-install /dev/sda，但它们不起作用。我也尝试使用 重新安装 grub apt-get install --reinstall grub-efi。我真的看不出问题可能是什么，所以此时任何帮助都将不胜感激。
一些命令输出：
$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: C8BC1CE8-FD40-4DDA-96B5-D6163C4783D3
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 534527 532480 260M unknown
/dev/sda2 534528 3553279 3018752 1.5G Windows recovery environment
/dev/sda3 3553280 4085759 532480 260M EFI System
/dev/sda4 4085760 4347903 262144 128M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda5 4347904 300871478 296523575 141.4G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda6 300871680 302587903 1716224 838M Windows recovery environment
/dev/sda7 302587904 447993855 145405952 69.3G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda8 447995904 482609151 34613248 16.5G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda9 482609152 499195903 16586752 7.9G Linux swap
/dev/sda10 499195904 500117503 921600 450M Windows recovery environment
$ sudo parted -l
Model: ATA SAMSUNG MZHPU256 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 256GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition hidden
2 274MB 1819MB 1546MB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag
3 1819MB 2092MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp
4 2092MB 2226MB 134MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres
5 2226MB 154GB 152GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
6 154GB 155GB 879MB ntfs hidden, diag
7 155GB 229GB 74.4GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
8 229GB 247GB 17.7GB ext4
9 247GB 256GB 8492MB linux-swap(v1)
10 256GB 256GB 472MB ntfs hidden, diag
$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="SONYSYS" UUID="362F-ED41" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="a0b5ecb9-f876-4cfc-8af2-af7d05fcab60"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="Windows RE tools" UUID="5A7CA3A87CA37CFF" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="62da8ec6-3599-4532-85d7-380d53e29dd4"
/dev/sda3: UUID="885F-1C6A" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="b6bb7dd4-236e-435f-b341-bdf2ffe6081d"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="System" UUID="90FA595CFA594020" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="07cdd53b-236f-440b-bb4b-972d6d37fb38"
/dev/sda6: UUID="00B8845EB8845456" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="94ad7c1c-66c7-4213-9a50-2e26579ce698"
/dev/sda7: LABEL="Shared" UUID="7A8C03FC8C03B1A5" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="67a5a372-ae1a-4a87-85f4-50e61cc298dc"
/dev/sda8: UUID="89128915-6da6-4e9e-a6e5-6982361d14ca" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="35a2f565-5105-4608-81a7-160d58ad1a71"
/dev/sda9: UUID="16135ad5-d9c2-4f74-a630-be40dfd6af59" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="a5bc56ed-66c3-462d-86b5-429a1f9ed2d9"
/dev/sda10: UUID="1C66A14A66A1260C" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="e375bed8-a332-4b1e-9d7b-732b34190193"
/dev/sda4: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="a71544c6-1fae-4808-b8a1-c0498c689d66"
$ sudo 更新 grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background: /home/johan/img/375578.png
Found background image: /home/johan/img/375578.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-4-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-4-amd64
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/sda3@/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
$ sudo grub-install /dev/sda
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
$ sudo cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
#
# / was on /dev/sda7 during installation
# /dev/sda8 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=89128915-6da6-4e9e-a6e5-6982361d14ca / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
#
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda3 during installation
UUID=362F-ED41 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
# UUID=885F-1C6A /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
#
# swap was on /dev/sda8 during installation
# /dev/sda9 none swap sw 0 0
UUID=16135ad5-d9c2-4f74-a630-be40dfd6af59 none swap sw 0 0
$df-h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda8 17G 11G 4.7G 70% /
udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.6G 8.8M 1.6G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 68K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 256M 21M 236M 8% /boot/efi
tmpfs 792M 8.0K 792M 1% /run/user/1000
谢谢你的帮助oO <3