我的旧 Windows 7 pro sp1 笔记本电脑运行速度越来越慢。
在显示上下文菜单之前或在窗口之间切换时，它会随机冻结 1 到 3 秒。
经过长时间的搜索，我怀疑是硬盘问题，但 Windows 没有报告任何错误。
智能控制告诉我从驱动器 PhyRdy 过渡到驱动器 PhyNRdy SATA Phy 事件计数器正在快速增加（大约每秒一次）：
C:\windows\system32>smartctl -l sataphy /dev/sda
smartctl 6.4 2015-06-04 r4109 [i686-w64-mingw32-win7(64)-sp1] (sf-6.4-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-15, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x0001 4 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002 4 0 R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003 4 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005 4 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006 4 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008 4 0 Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009 4 31518 Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
[...]
我是否应该担心这个高价值从驱动器 PhyRdy 转换到驱动器 PhyNRdy 计数器？
（我不知道这个计数器到底是什么意思）
谢谢您的任何信息。
有关笔记本电脑的更多信息：
型号：HP Probook 4720s
硬盘：TOSHIBA MK3261GSYN
编辑 ：smartctl -x 的完整报告：
smartctl 6.4 2015-06-04 r4109 [i686-w64-mingw32-win7(64)-sp1] (sf-6.4-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-15, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 2.5" HDD MK..61GSY[N]
Device Model: TOSHIBA MK3261GSYN
Serial Number: 41H4D37SB
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 33a70426b
Firmware Version: MH000C
User Capacity: 320 072 933 376 bytes [320 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Mon Jan 18 15:24:51 2016 PM
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is: Unavailable
APM level is: 128 (minimum power consumption without standby)
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is: Enabled
ATA Security is: Disabled, frozen [SEC2]
Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 120) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x51) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 64) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 100 100 050 - 0
2 Throughput_Performance POS--K 100 100 050 - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time PO---K 100 100 002 - 1252
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 2132
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 073 073 010 - 563
7 Seek_Error_Rate POSR-K 100 100 050 - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance P-S--K 100 100 050 - 0
9 Power_On_Minutes -O--CK 071 071 000 - 193h+48m
10 Spin_Retry_Count PO--CK 142 100 030 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 2125
183 Runtime_Bad_Block -O--CK 100 100 001 - 0
184 End-to-End_Error PO--CK 100 100 097 - 0
185 Unknown_Attribute -O--CK 100 100 001 - 65535
187 Reported_Uncorrect -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
188 Command_Timeout -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes -O-RCK 100 100 001 - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel -O---K 060 050 040 - 40 (Min/Max 14/42)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate -O--CK 100 100 000 - 57
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O---K 100 100 000 - 983055
193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 085 085 000 - 151941
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 59
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address Access R/W Size Description
0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory
0x01 SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log
0x02 SL R/O 51 Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03 GPL R/O 64 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x06 SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log
0x07 GPL R/O 1 Extended self-test log
0x09 SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log
0x10 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Queued Error log
0x11 GPL R/O 1 SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log
0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status
0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (64 sectors)
No Errors Logged
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11628 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Status Version: 2
SCT Version (vendor specific): 1 (0x0001)
SCT Support Level: 1
Device State: Active (0)
Current Temperature: 41 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 14/42 Celsius
Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 10/50 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/0
SCT Temperature History Version: 2
Temperature Sampling Period: 1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval: 1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature: 0/60 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit: 0/60 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index): 478 (449)
Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius
... ..( 25 skipped). .. *********************
441 2016-01-18 15:16 40 *********************
442 2016-01-18 15:17 41 **********************
443 2016-01-18 15:18 40 *********************
444 2016-01-18 15:19 40 *********************
445 2016-01-18 15:20 40 *********************
446 2016-01-18 15:21 41 **********************
447 2016-01-18 15:22 40 *********************
448 2016-01-18 15:23 40 *********************
449 2016-01-18 15:24 41 **********************
SCT Error Recovery Control:
Read: Disabled
Write: Disabled
Device Statistics (GP/SMART Log 0x04) not supported
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x0001 4 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002 4 0 R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003 4 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005 4 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006 4 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008 4 0 Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009 4 48982 Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
0x000a 4 0 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x000b 4 0 CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000d 4 0 Non-CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000f 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, CRC
0x0010 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, non-CRC
0x0012 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, CRC
0x0013 4 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, non-CRC
编辑于 2016/04/14： 3 个月后... 最后我用 Western Digital 500 Gb WD5000BPKX 替换了原来的 320 Gb TOSHIBA MK3261GSYN（我恢复了原来的分区和系统，Windows 仅在第一次重启时安装了新的驱动程序）。
这解决了延迟问题，我不再害怕打开 Word 或 Visual Studio（尽管 Windows 体验索引没有改变！）。
但是，smartctl 仍然显示此“从驱动器 PhyRdy 到驱动器 PhyNRdy 的转换”计数器以 2/秒的速度增加。
C:\windows\system32>smartctl -l sataphy /dev/sda
smartctl 6.4 2015-06-04 r4109 [i686-w64-mingw32-win7(64)-sp1] (sf-6.4-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-15, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002 2 0 R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005 2 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008 2 0 Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009 2 8736 Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
0x000a 2 2 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x000b 2 0 CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000f 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, CRC
0x0012 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, CRC
0x8000 4 7019 Vendor specific
我放弃了，我既不明白这个计数器到底是什么，也不明白是什么原因导致它增加。
答案1
这个计数器本身并没有什么定论，SATA 规格需要付费才能查看，但公开可用的勘误表定义为：
标识符 009h 标识符为 009h 的计数器返回设备从 PHYRDY 状态转换到 PHYRDYn 状态的次数，包括但不限于异步信号事件、电源管理事件和 COMRESET 事件。如果启用了接口电源管理，则此计数器可能会因接口电源管理转换而递增。
因此，除了链路中的信号丢失错误和重置之外，此图中从橙色->工作状态的所有转换都可能会增加计数器：
其中哪些情况以及发生多少情况在很大程度上取决于单个驱动器以及您的硬件/软件配置。例如，我的新 SSD 配备 DevSleep 后计数器迅速增加，而旧 SSD 和我的 HDD 则不会。
不过，您的旧驱动器还有其他几个令人担忧的值：
Reallocated_Sector_Ct，，并且所有值看起来都不太好，所以更换它是可以的。Power-Off_Retract_CountLoad_Cycle_CountG-Sense_Error_Rate