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ZSH中按空格分割字符串

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ZSH中按空格分割字符串

鉴于file.txt：

first line
second line
third line

这适用于bash：

while IFS=' ' read -a args; do
  echo "${args[0]}"
done < file.txt

生产

first
second
third

也就是说，我们能够逐行读取文件，并且在每一行上，我们使用空格作为分隔符将行进一步拆分为数组。但在 中zsh，结果是错误：read: bad option: -a。

我们怎样才能实现zsh与 in 相同的目标bash？我尝试了多种解决方案，但始终无法解决使用空格作为分隔符将字符串拆分为数组。

答案1

从man zshbuiltins，zsh的read使用-A代替。

read [ -rszpqAclneE ] [ -t [ num ] ] [ -k [ num ] ] [ -d delim ]
     [ -u n ] [ name[?prompt] ] [ name ...  ]
...
       -A     The  first  name  is taken as the name of an array
              and all words are assigned to it.

因此命令是

while IFS=' ' read -A args; do
  echo "${args[1]}"
done < file.txt

注意，默认情况下，zsh 数组编号以 开头1，而 bash 则以 开头0。

$ man zshparam
...
Array Subscripts
...
The elements are numbered  beginning  with  1, unless the
KSH_ARRAYS option is set in which case they are numbered from zero.

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