现在我正在使用这两个 WMI 查询来获取有关机器上驱动器的信息：
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk -Namespace root\CIMV2
-Computername $name
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive -Namespace root\CIMV2
-Computername $name
第一个给我指代驱动器号的 DeviceID，然后是有关这些驱动器的一些信息（包括卷序列号等）
第二个给我映射到的 DeviceID\\\\.\\PHYSICALDRIVE#和诸如序列号（似乎不同）分区、索引、scsi 端口/id 等信息。
我还看到了类似的东西Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition，它会提供诸如磁盘号、分区号和磁盘索引之类的内容。
我的问题是，是否存在可以查询的方法/通用值，以检查 DeviceID 是否Win32_DiskDrive被映射到任何地方的卷以及该卷（或那些卷）是什么？
我知道一定有办法，因为 Win32 对象太多了，我不确定要跟踪它们中的哪个值。任何帮助都将非常有帮助！理想情况下，我希望能够定义一个函数，该函数调用计算机名称并列出所有磁盘设备、所有卷，并指示哪个卷号位于哪个驱动器上。
答案1
Powershell/WMI 将堆叠驱动器设备 ID 映射到卷号
我的问题是，是否有可以查询的方法/通用值，以检查 Win32_DiskDrive 中的 DeviceID 是否在任何地方映射为卷，以及该卷（或那些卷）是什么？
似乎Win32_Volume 类是您需要使用的。它同时提供 DeviceID 和驱动器号值
PowerShell 语法示例 1
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Namespace root\CIMV2 | Format-List -Property Name, DriveLetter, __Path, DeviceID
PowerShell 语法示例 2
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Namespace root\CIMV2
我的问题是，是否有可以查询的方法/通用值，以检查 Win32_DiskDrive 中的 DeviceID 是否在任何地方映射为卷，以及该卷（或那些卷）是什么？
我知道一定有办法，因为 Win32 对象太多了，我不确定要跟踪它们中的哪个值。任何帮助都将非常有帮助！理想情况下，我希望能够定义一个函数，该函数调用计算机名称并列出所有磁盘设备、所有卷，并指示哪个卷号位于哪个驱动器上。
Technet 图库 - Powershell
（将下面的 PowerShell 脚本构建为一个函数。您可以在本地运行它，也可以在远程机器上运行它。请参阅超链接以获取来自源代码的完整详细信息。）
一旦构建了该函数，就可以简单地以几种不同的方式运行：
Get-RemoteDiskInformation按 Enter 键获取本地磁盘和卷详细信息Get-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName <ComputerName>获取远程系统的磁盘和卷详细信息
PowerShell 函数逻辑
Function Get-RemoteDiskInformation
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get inventory data for specified computer systems.
.DESCRIPTION
Gather inventory data for one or more systems using wmi. Data proccessing utilizes multiple runspaces
and supports custom timeout parameters in case of wmi problems. You can optionally include
drive, memory, and network information in the results. You can view verbose information on each
runspace thread in realtime with the -Verbose option.
.PARAMETER ComputerName
Specifies the target computer for data query.
.PARAMETER ThrottleLimit
Specifies the maximum number of systems to inventory simultaneously
.PARAMETER Timeout
Specifies the maximum time in second command can run in background before terminating this thread.
.PARAMETER ShowProgress
Show progress bar information
.PARAMETER PromptForCredential
Prompt for remote system credential prior to processing request.
.PARAMETER Credential
Accept alternate credential (ignored if the localhost is processed)
.EXAMPLE
PS > Get-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName test1
Description
-----------
Query and display disk related information about test1
.EXAMPLE
PS > $cred = Get-Credential
PS > Get-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName Test1 -Credential $cred
.NOTES
Author:
Zachary Loeber
Version Info:
1.1 - 01/04/2014
- Added missing computername property to diskelements variable
1.0 - 12/13/2013
- Initial release (kind of, this bit of code is modified from a prior function I rolled into an all inclusive system information gathering
function).
.LINK
http://www.the-little-things.net
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
PARAM
(
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[Alias('DNSHostName','PSComputerName')]
[string[]]
$ComputerName=$env:computername,
[Parameter( HelpMessage="Refrain from applying drive space GB/MB/KB pretty formatting.")]
[switch]
$RawDriveData,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Maximum number of concurrent runspaces.")]
[ValidateRange(1,65535)]
[int32]
$ThrottleLimit = 32,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Timeout before a runspaces stops trying to gather the information.")]
[ValidateRange(1,65535)]
[int32]
$Timeout = 120,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Display progress of function.")]
[switch]
$ShowProgress,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Set this if you want the function to prompt for alternate credentials.")]
[switch]
$PromptForCredential,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Set this if you want to provide your own alternate credentials.")]
[System.Management.Automation.Credential()]
$Credential = [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]::Empty
)
BEGIN
{
# Gather possible local host names and IPs to prevent credential utilization in some cases
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating local hostname list'
$IPAddresses = [net.dns]::GetHostAddresses($env:COMPUTERNAME) | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IpAddressToString
$HostNames = $IPAddresses | ForEach-Object {
try {
[net.dns]::GetHostByAddress($_)
} catch {
# We do not care about errors here...
}
} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty HostName -Unique
$LocalHost = @('', '.', 'localhost', $env:COMPUTERNAME, '::1', '127.0.0.1') + $IPAddresses + $HostNames
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating initial variables'
$runspacetimers = [HashTable]::Synchronized(@{})
$runspaces = New-Object -TypeName System.Collections.ArrayList
$bgRunspaceCounter = 0
if ($PromptForCredential)
{
$Credential = Get-Credential
}
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating Initial Session State'
$iss = [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState]::CreateDefault()
foreach ($ExternalVariable in ('runspacetimers', 'Credential', 'LocalHost'))
{
Write-Verbose -Message "Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Adding variable $ExternalVariable to initial session state"
$iss.Variables.Add((New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.SessionStateVariableEntry -ArgumentList $ExternalVariable, (Get-Variable -Name $ExternalVariable -ValueOnly), ''))
}
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating runspace pool'
$rp = [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.RunspaceFactory]::CreateRunspacePool(1, $ThrottleLimit, $iss, $Host)
$rp.ApartmentState = 'STA'
$rp.Open()
# This is the actual code called for each computer
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Defining background runspaces scriptblock'
$ScriptBlock =
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Position=0)]
[string]
$ComputerName,
[Parameter(Position=1)]
[int]
$bgRunspaceID,
[Parameter(Position=2)]
[switch]
$RawDriveData
)
$runspacetimers.$bgRunspaceID = Get-Date
try
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: Start' -f $ComputerName)
$WMIHast = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
ErrorAction = 'Stop'
}
if (($LocalHost -notcontains $ComputerName) -and ($Credential -ne $null))
{
$WMIHast.Credential = $Credential
}
Filter ConvertTo-KMG
{
<#
.Synopsis
Converts byte counts to Byte\KB\MB\GB\TB\PB format
.DESCRIPTION
Accepts an [int64] byte count, and converts to Byte\KB\MB\GB\TB\PB format
with decimal precision of 2
.EXAMPLE
3000 | convertto-kmg
#>
$bytecount = $_
switch ([math]::truncate([math]::log($bytecount,1024)))
{
0 {"$bytecount Bytes"}
1 {"{0:n2} KB" -f ($bytecount / 1kb)}
2 {"{0:n2} MB" -f ($bytecount / 1mb)}
3 {"{0:n2} GB" -f ($bytecount / 1gb)}
4 {"{0:n2} TB" -f ($bytecount / 1tb)}
Default {"{0:n2} PB" -f ($bytecount / 1pb)}
}
}
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: Disk information' -f $ComputerName)
$WMI_DiskMountProps = @('Name','Label','Caption','Capacity','FreeSpace','Compressed','PageFilePresent','SerialNumber')
# WMI data
$wmi_diskdrives = Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Class Win32_DiskDrive
$wmi_mountpoints = Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Class Win32_Volume -Filter "DriveType=3 AND DriveLetter IS NULL" |
Select $WMI_DiskMountProps
$AllDisks = @()
$DiskElements = @('ComputerName','Disk','Model','Partition','Description','PrimaryPartition','VolumeName','Drive','DiskSize','FreeSpace','UsedSpace','PercentFree','PercentUsed','DiskType','SerialNumber')
foreach ($diskdrive in $wmi_diskdrives)
{
$partitionquery = "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID=`"$($diskdrive.DeviceID.replace('\','\\'))`"} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"
$partitions = @(Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Query $partitionquery)
foreach ($partition in $partitions)
{
$logicaldiskquery = "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=`"$($partition.DeviceID)`"} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition"
$logicaldisks = @(Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Query $logicaldiskquery)
foreach ($logicaldisk in $logicaldisks)
{
$PercentFree = [math]::round((($logicaldisk.FreeSpace/$logicaldisk.Size)*100), 2)
$UsedSpace = ($logicaldisk.Size - $logicaldisk.FreeSpace)
$diskprops = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
Disk = $diskdrive.Name
Model = $diskdrive.Model
Partition = $partition.Name
Description = $partition.Description
PrimaryPartition = $partition.PrimaryPartition
VolumeName = $logicaldisk.VolumeName
Drive = $logicaldisk.Name
DiskSize = if ($RawDriveData) { $logicaldisk.Size } else { $logicaldisk.Size | ConvertTo-KMG }
FreeSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $logicaldisk.FreeSpace } else { $logicaldisk.FreeSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
UsedSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $UsedSpace } else { $UsedSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
PercentFree = $PercentFree
PercentUsed = [math]::round((100 - $PercentFree),2)
DiskType = 'Partition'
SerialNumber = $diskdrive.SerialNumber
}
Write-Output (New-Object psobject -Property $diskprops | Select $DiskElements)
}
}
}
# Mountpoints are weird so we do them seperate.
if ($wmi_mountpoints)
{
foreach ($mountpoint in $wmi_mountpoints)
{
$PercentFree = [math]::round((($mountpoint.FreeSpace/$mountpoint.Capacity)*100), 2)
$UsedSpace = ($mountpoint.Capacity - $mountpoint.FreeSpace)
$diskprops = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
Disk = $mountpoint.Name
Model = ''
Partition = ''
Description = $mountpoint.Caption
PrimaryPartition = ''
VolumeName = ''
VolumeSerialNumber = ''
Drive = [Regex]::Match($mountpoint.Caption, "(^.:)").Value
DiskSize = if ($RawDriveData) { $mountpoint.Capacity } else { $mountpoint.Capacity | ConvertTo-KMG }
FreeSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $mountpoint.FreeSpace } else { $mountpoint.FreeSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
UsedSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $UsedSpace } else { $UsedSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
PercentFree = $PercentFree
PercentUsed = [math]::round((100 - $PercentFree),2)
DiskType = 'MountPoint'
SerialNumber = $mountpoint.SerialNumber
}
Write-Output (New-Object psobject -Property $diskprops | Select $DiskElements)
}
}
}
catch
{
Write-Warning -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: {0}: {1}' -f $ComputerName, $_.Exception.Message)
}
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: End' -f $ComputerName)
}
function Get-Result
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[switch]$Wait
)
do
{
$More = $false
foreach ($runspace in $runspaces)
{
$StartTime = $runspacetimers[$runspace.ID]
if ($runspace.Handle.isCompleted)
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Thread done for {0}' -f $runspace.IObject)
$runspace.PowerShell.EndInvoke($runspace.Handle)
$runspace.PowerShell.Dispose()
$runspace.PowerShell = $null
$runspace.Handle = $null
}
elseif ($runspace.Handle -ne $null)
{
$More = $true
}
if ($Timeout -and $StartTime)
{
if ((New-TimeSpan -Start $StartTime).TotalSeconds -ge $Timeout -and $runspace.PowerShell)
{
Write-Warning -Message ('Timeout {0}' -f $runspace.IObject)
$runspace.PowerShell.Dispose()
$runspace.PowerShell = $null
$runspace.Handle = $null
}
}
}
if ($More -and $PSBoundParameters['Wait'])
{
Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 100
}
foreach ($threat in $runspaces.Clone())
{
if ( -not $threat.handle)
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Removing {0} from runspaces' -f $threat.IObject)
$runspaces.Remove($threat)
}
}
if ($ShowProgress)
{
$ProgressSplatting = @{
Activity = 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Getting asset info'
Status = '{0} of {1} total threads done' -f ($bgRunspaceCounter - $runspaces.Count), $bgRunspaceCounter
PercentComplete = ($bgRunspaceCounter - $runspaces.Count) / $bgRunspaceCounter * 100
}
Write-Progress @ProgressSplatting
}
}
while ($More -and $PSBoundParameters['Wait'])
}
}
PROCESS
{
foreach ($Computer in $ComputerName)
{
$bgRunspaceCounter++
$psCMD = [System.Management.Automation.PowerShell]::Create().AddScript($ScriptBlock)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('bgRunspaceID',$bgRunspaceCounter)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('ComputerName',$Computer)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('RawDriveData',$RawDriveData)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('Verbose',$VerbosePreference) # Passthrough the hidden verbose option so write-verbose works within the runspaces
$psCMD.RunspacePool = $rp
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Starting {0}' -f $Computer)
[void]$runspaces.Add(@{
Handle = $psCMD.BeginInvoke()
PowerShell = $psCMD
IObject = $Computer
ID = $bgRunspaceCounter
})
Get-Result
}
}
END
{
Get-Result -Wait
if ($ShowProgress)
{
Write-Progress -Activity 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Getting asset info' -Status 'Done' -Completed
}
Write-Verbose -Message "Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Closing runspace pool"
$rp.Close()
$rp.Dispose()
}
}
您可以通过一些测试和阅读来扩展此功能，以从其他 WMI 类和值中获取更多详细信息；下面是我发现的一些与您的查询相关的详细信息，作为该任务的起点。
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_Volume | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_DiskPartition | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition | Select-Object -Property *