我有 x86 机器的可执行文件，动态链接，而相同的库安装在 64 arch 主机上，并被数百个二进制文件和库使用，而目标不是有 64 可执行文件，而是让 x86 运行，如何打包debian中的apt-get包管理可以模拟版本化，或者如何解决这个问题？
主机是 64 架构，为使用 64 架构编译器安装的 32 架构库编译的可执行文件，并且无法删除
如何在同一台机器上安装同一库的 32-arch 和 64-arch，除了安装不同的包管理器并支持像 nix 这样的包版本控制之外，还有什么解决方案吗
apt-get build-dep libgtk2.0-dev:i386
Reading package lists... Done
Picking 'gtk+2.0' as source package instead of 'libgtk2.0-dev'
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
cython fltk1.3-doc fluid freeglut3-dev gazebo9 gazebo9-common gazebo9-plugin-base gcc-6-base:i386 gcc-7-base:i386 gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0:i386 gir1.2-glib-2.0:i386 gir1.2-gtk-2.0 gir1.2-harfbuzz-0.0:i386
google-mock googletest hddtemp libapr1-dev libaprutil1-dev libarmadillo-dev libarpack2-dev libasan3:i386 libassimp-dev libassimp4 libassuan-dev libatomic1:i386 libavdevice-dev libavdevice57 libavfilter-dev
libblas-dev libboost-atomic-dev libboost-chrono-dev libboost-container-dev libboost-context-dev libboost-coroutine-dev libboost-dev libboost-exception-dev libboost-fiber-dev libboost-graph-dev
libboost-graph-parallel-dev libboost-locale-dev libboost-log-dev libboost-math-dev libboost-mpi-dev libboost-mpi-python-dev libboost-numpy-dev libboost-python-dev libboost-random-dev
libboost-serialization-dev libboost-signals-dev libboost-stacktrace-dev libboost-timer-dev libboost-tools-dev libboost-type-erasure-dev libboost-wave-dev libbullet-dev libbullet2.87 libbz2-dev libc6-dev:i386
libccd-dev libccd2 libcilkrts5:i386 libconsole-bridge-dev libconsole-bridge0.4 libdapserver7v5 libepsilon-dev libflann-dev libflann1.9 libfltk-cairo1.3 libfltk-forms1.3 libfltk-images1.3 libfltk1.3-dev
libfreeimage-dev libfreeimage3 libfreexl-dev libfyba-dev libgazebo9 libgcc-6-dev:i386 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 libgeos-dev libgeotiff-dev libgif-dev libgirepository-1.0-1:i386 libgl2ps-dev libglib2.0-dev:i386
libgomp1:i386 libgpg-error-dev libgpgme-dev libgraphite2-3:i386 libgraphite2-dev:i386 libgraphviz-dev libgtest-dev libgts-dev libgvc6-plugins-gtk libharfbuzz-gobject0:i386 libharfbuzz-icu0:i386
libharfbuzz0b:i386 libhdf5-mpi-dev libhdf5-openmpi-dev libicu-le-hb0:i386 libiculx60:i386 libignition-cmake-dev libignition-common libignition-common-dev libignition-fuel-tools1-1 libignition-fuel-tools1-dev
libignition-math4 libignition-math4-dev libignition-msgs libignition-msgs-dev libignition-transport4 libignition-transport4-dev libitm1:i386 libjson-c-dev libjsoncpp-dev libjxr0 libkml-dev libkmlconvenience1
libkmlregionator1 libkmlxsd1 liblapack-dev liblog4cxx-dev liblog4cxx10v5 liblz4-dev libminizip-dev libmpx2:i386 libnetcdf-cxx-legacy-dev libogdi3.2-dev libogg-dev libogre-1.9-dev libogre-1.9.0v5
libopenal-dev libopenjp2-7-dev libopenni-dev libopenni-sensor-pointclouds0 libopenni0 libopenni2-0 libopenni2-dev libpcl-apps1.8 libpcl-common1.8 libpcl-features1.8 libpcl-filters1.8 libpcl-io1.8
libpcl-kdtree1.8 libpcl-keypoints1.8 libpcl-ml1.8 libpcl-octree1.8 libpcl-outofcore1.8 libpcl-people1.8 libpcl-recognition1.8 libpcl-registration1.8 libpcl-sample-consensus1.8 libpcl-search1.8
libpcl-segmentation1.8 libpcl-stereo1.8 libpcl-surface1.8 libpcl-tracking1.8 libpcl-visualization1.8 libpcre16-3:i386 libpcre3-dev:i386 libpcre32-3:i386 libpcrecpp0v5:i386 libpng-dev:i386 libpoco-dev
libpococrypto50 libpocodata50 libpocodatamysql50 libpocodataodbc50 libpocodatasqlite50 libpocofoundation50 libpocojson50 libpocomongodb50 libpoconet50 libpoconetssl50 libpocoredis50 libpocoutil50
libpocoxml50 libpocozip50 libpoppler-dev libpoppler-private-dev libpostproc-dev libproj-dev libprotobuf-dev libprotoc-dev libprotoc10 libpthread-stubs0-dev:i386 libqhull-dev libqhull-r7
libqt5designercomponents5 libqt5quickparticles5 libqt5quicktest5 libqt5sensors5 libqt5webkit5 libqt5webkit5-dev libqtpropertybrowser4 libquadmath0:i386 libsctp-dev libsctp1 libsdformat6 libsdl2-2.0-0
libsimbody-dev libsimbody3.5v5 libspatialite-dev libspnav0 libstdc++-6-dev:i386 libsuperlu-dev libtar-dev libtar0 libtheora-dev libtinyxml-dev libtinyxml2-6 libtinyxml2-dev libtinyxml2.6.2v5 libubsan0:i386
liburdfdom-dev liburdfdom-headers-dev liburdfdom-model liburdfdom-model-state liburdfdom-sensor liburdfdom-world liburiparser-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev libusb-1.0-doc libvtk6-java libvtk6-jni libvtk6.3-qt
libwebp-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxau-dev:i386 libxcb1-dev:i386 libxdmcp-dev:i386 libxdot4 libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxss-dev libyaml-cpp-dev libyaml-cpp0.5v5 libyaml-dev libzip-dev linux-libc-dev:i386
openni-utils protobuf-compiler pyqt5-dev python-autobahn python-cbor python-concurrent.futures python-defusedxml python-empy python-gnupg python-lz4 python-mpi4py python-nacl python-netifaces
python-pyqt5.qtopengl python-pyqt5.qtsvg python-pyqt5.qtwebkit python-qrcode python-rosdep python-sip-dev python-snappy python-trie python-trollius python-txaio python-u-msgpack python-ubjson python-vtk6
python-wsaccel python-wxtools qt5-assistant qtdeclarative5-dev qttools5-dev qttools5-dev-tools qttools5-private-dev ros-melodic-angles ros-melodic-catkin ros-melodic-cmake-modules ros-melodic-gencpp
ros-melodic-geneus ros-melodic-genlisp ros-melodic-genmsg ros-melodic-gennodejs ros-melodic-genpy ros-melodic-gl-dependency ros-melodic-media-export ros-melodic-message-generation ros-melodic-orocos-kdl
ros-melodic-python-orocos-kdl ros-melodic-python-qt-binding ros-melodic-qt-dotgraph ros-melodic-qt-gui ros-melodic-qt-gui-py-common ros-melodic-qwt-dependency ros-melodic-ros-environment
ros-melodic-rosbag-migration-rule ros-melodic-rosboost-cfg ros-melodic-rosclean ros-melodic-rosgraph ros-melodic-roslang ros-melodic-roslint ros-melodic-roslz4 ros-melodic-rosmake ros-melodic-rosmaster
ros-melodic-rosparam ros-melodic-rqt-gui ros-melodic-smach ros-melodic-smclib ros-melodic-urdf-parser-plugin ros-melodic-urdfdom-py ros-melodic-webkit-dependency sbcl sdformat-sdf sip-dev tcl-dev tcl-vtk6
tcl8.6-dev tk-dev tk8.6-dev ttf-dejavu-core uuid-dev vtk6 x11proto-scrnsaver-dev zlib1g-dev:i386
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
docbook-dsssl docbook-utils fonts-lmodern libostyle1c2 libpotrace0 libptexenc1 libsgmls-perl libsynctex1 libtexlua52 libtexluajit2 lynx lynx-common openjade preview-latex-style quilt sgmlspl texlive-base
texlive-binaries texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-formats-extra texlive-latex-base texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-recommended texlive-pictures texlive-plain-generic texlive-xetex tipa
0 upgraded, 27 newly installed, 0 to remove and 42 not upgraded.
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libdvd-pkg: Checking orig.tar integrity...
/usr/src/libdvd-pkg/libdvdcss_1.4.2.orig.tar.bz2: OK
libdvd-pkg: `apt-get check` failed, you may have broken packages. Aborting...
apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev:i386
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libgtk2.0-dev:i386 : Depends: libpango1.0-dev:i386 (>= 1.20) but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: python:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
答案1
Debian 使用多架构支持这一点。添加i386架构，然后更新存储库索引：
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt update
然后，您将能够通过添加后缀来安装必要的 32 位库:i386，例如
sudo apt install libc6:i386
给定包的所有体系结构必须使用完全相同的版本进行安装。