我已经设法得到以下内容：
我按照建议使用了以下命令：
$ dmesg | egrep -i "(alsa|sound)"
[ 4.756399] input: HDA Intel PCH Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0/input14
[ 4.756467] input: HDA Intel PCH Headphone as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0/input15
-
$ dmesg | egrep -i "alsa|audio|sound|snd"
[ 0.412466] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)
[ 4.727453] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 4.727633] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: Linked as a consumer to 0000:00:02.0
[ 4.727669] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_audio_component_bind_ops [i915])
[ 4.763584] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: autoconfig for ALC1220: line_outs=1 (0x1b/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:speaker
[ 4.763585] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: speaker_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.763585] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: hp_outs=1 (0x14/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.763586] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: mono: mono_out=0x0
[ 4.763586] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: dig-out=0x1e/0x0
[ 4.763587] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: inputs:
[ 4.763588] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: Mic=0x19
[ 4.763588] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: Internal Mic=0x12
[ 4.776194] input: HDA Intel PCH Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0/input11
[ 4.776260] input: HDA Intel PCH Headphone as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0/input12
-
$ lspci | egrep -i "audio|sound|snd"
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH cAVS (rev 10)
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$ lsmod | egrep -i "alsa|audio|sound|snd"
snd_soc_skl 118784 0
snd_soc_hdac_hda 24576 1 snd_soc_skl
snd_hda_ext_core 32768 2 snd_soc_hdac_hda,snd_soc_skl
snd_soc_skl_ipc 73728 1 snd_soc_skl
snd_soc_sst_ipc 20480 1 snd_soc_skl_ipc
snd_hda_codec_realtek 126976 1
snd_soc_sst_dsp 40960 1 snd_soc_skl_ipc
snd_soc_acpi_intel_match 28672 1 snd_soc_skl
snd_soc_acpi 16384 2 snd_soc_acpi_intel_match,snd_soc_skl
snd_hda_codec_generic 90112 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_soc_core 270336 2 snd_soc_hdac_hda,snd_soc_skl
ledtrig_audio 16384 2 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_compress 28672 1 snd_soc_core
ac97_bus 16384 1 snd_soc_core
snd_pcm_dmaengine 16384 1 snd_soc_core
snd_hda_intel 45056 4
snd_hda_codec 155648 4 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_soc_hdac_hda
snd_hda_core 98304 7 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_ext_core,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_soc_hdac_hda,snd_soc_skl
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_seq 86016 0
snd_seq_device 16384 1 snd_seq
snd_pcm 118784 7 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_ext_core,snd_hda_codec,snd_soc_core,snd_soc_skl,snd_hda_core,snd_pcm_dmaengine
snd_timer 40960 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd 94208 19 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_timer,snd_compress,snd_soc_core,snd_pcm
soundcore 16384 1 snd
我的播放有两个选择：“扬声器 - 内置音频”和“数字输出 (S/PDIF) - 内置音频”
我的驱动程序的 Windows 版本：
Realtek Audio Driver Version 6.0.1.8612
答案1
这篇文章帮助了我： https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_debug_sound_problems
更具体地说，这个命令：
dnf|yum remove alsa-plugins-pulseaudio
请注意，运行命令时必须选择 dnf 或 yum。