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在 PowerShell 中动态创建别名

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在 PowerShell 中动态创建别名

我想动态创建一些别名，但我的代码无法工作。代码如下：

# Drives
$drives = ("a","b","c","d","e")
foreach ($drive in $drives) {
    New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.GetNewClosure()
}

function GoToDrive($drive) {
    $formatted = "$($drive):\"
    if (Test-Path $formatted) {
        Set-Location $formatted
    } else {
        Write-Host "`"$formatted`" does not exist."
    }
}

当我输入“a”或“b”或 $drives 中的任何字母时，它会将我的工作目录更改为该驱动器的字母（例如：A:）。

我现在收到的错误是：

New-Item : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'a'.
At C:\Users\prubi\OneDrive\Documentos\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1:17 char:5
+     New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.Ge ...
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [New-Item], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewItemCommand

New-Item : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'b'.
At C:\Users\prubi\OneDrive\Documentos\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1:17 char:5
+     New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.Ge ...
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [New-Item], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewItemCommand

New-Item : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'c'.
At C:\Users\prubi\OneDrive\Documentos\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1:17 char:5
+     New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.Ge ...
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [New-Item], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewItemCommand

New-Item : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'd'.
At C:\Users\prubi\OneDrive\Documentos\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1:17 char:5
+     New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.Ge ...
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [New-Item], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewItemCommand

New-Item : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'e'.
At C:\Users\prubi\OneDrive\Documentos\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1:17 char:5
+     New-Item -Path alias:\ -Name $drive -Value GoToDrive($drive) #.Ge ...
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [New-Item], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewItemCommand

有人能帮助我让它工作吗？

答案1

直接的问题是，PowerShell 将其解释-Value GoToDrive($drive)为指定开关-Value 'GoToDrive'和位置参数$drive。（是的，这很奇怪，而且不直观。）用GoToDrive($drive)括号括起来会尝试调用尚不存在的GoToDrive函数，然后使用结果作为的参数-Value，即使之前已经定义过，这也不是您想要的GoToDrive。另一个问题是别名不能为它们调用的命令提供参数；它们只是命令的替代名称。

需要动态执行创建快捷方式功能的命令：

# This is the exact same GoToDrive function you've been using
function GoToDrive($drive) {
    $formatted = "$($drive):\"
    if (Test-Path $formatted) {
        Set-Location $formatted
    } else {
        Write-Host "`"$formatted`" does not exist."
    }
}

# This does the magic
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e' | % {iex "function $_ {GoToDrive '$_'}"}

Invoke-Expression，iex简称为 ，运行其运行时确定的参数，就像您自己在命令行中输入它一样。因此，最后一行先执行function a {GoToDrive 'a'}，然后function b {GoToDrive 'b'}，依此类推。

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