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Python 代码在 Anaconda 提示符下正确执行，但在 PowerShell 中崩溃

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Python 代码在 Anaconda 提示符下正确执行，但在 PowerShell 中崩溃

所以我有这个奇怪的问题：

我正在熟悉 Rest-APIhttps://haveibeenpwned.com/API/v2。

我编写了一个小型 Python 脚本来检查哈希值。当我在 Anaconda 提示符中运行它时，它工作正常。在浏览器中输入查询也有效。但是当我在 PowerShell 中尝试它时，它突然崩溃了……但引发的异常对我来说没有任何意义——至少在这个特定的上下文中。如果我按照描述多次调用查询，实际上可能会出现问题这里。但就我而言，它只被调用一次。

代码如下：

import requests
import sys

print("Checking haveibeenpwnd.com for hash: \'", sys.argv[1], "\'")

query = 'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/' + sys.argv[1]

print("DEBUG : URL is: ", query)

try:
    req = requests.get (query)
    print(req.text)
except Exception as e:
    print("EXCEPTION : Something went wrong...\n")
    print(str(e) + "\n")

Conda 提示符按预期工作：

d:\dev\PasswordChecker>python PasswordChecker.py FACD3
Checking haveibeenpwnd.com for password: ' FACD3 '
DEBUG : URL is:  https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/FACD3
00286E9BB9584421CD4BE0E04C6FBC1B9A4:1
01D3C8B75DD8386F5465924A71BC27050E7:1
...

但是 PowerShell 崩溃了：

PS D:\dev\PasswordChecker> python .\PasswordChecker.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 588, in urlopen
    conn = self._get_conn(timeout=pool_timeout)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 248, in _get_conn
    return conn or self._new_conn()
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 816, in _new_conn
    raise SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL "
urllib3.exceptions.SSLError: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 449, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 638, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 398, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.pwnedpasswords.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /range/FAFA3 (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available."))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".\PasswordChecker.py", line 8, in <module>
    req = requests.get ('https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/FAFA3')
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 75, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 60, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 533, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 646, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.pwnedpasswords.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /range/FAFA3 (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available."))
PS D:\dev\PasswordChecker> python .\PasswordChecker.py FAFC3
Checking haveibeenpwnd.com for password: ' FAFC3 '
DEBUG : URL is:  https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/FAFC3
EXCEPTION : Something went wrong...

HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.pwnedpasswords.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /range/FAFC3 (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available."))

我不介意使用 Conda，但如果知道 Python 和 PowerShell 总体上存在一些问题（以奇怪的方式表现出来），那将会相当有趣。

感谢您的支持，SH

编辑：可能值得一提 - 可能不重要：这是一台 Win10 机器。我正在使用 VS2019 进行编码。Python 是 3.7。

答案1

您在 powershell 上安装的请求库的版本可能与在 conda 中运行的版本不同，这可以解释为什么您得到不同的结果。

看起来 powershell 缺少 SSL 库。您可能需要安装它。我以为它与请求库捆绑在一起，因此重新安装请求可能对您有用：pip install requests --upgrade。

如果您只是想摆脱错误，而并不关心验证 SSL 证书，那么您可能只想将其verify=False作为参数传递到您的 get 请求中：

requests.get(query, verify=False)

更多相关信息请参见：http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/advanced/#ssl-cert-verification

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