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为什么我的 init.d 脚本在手动调用时可以工作，但在启动时却不起作用？

tag-icon • tag-icon shell sysvinit
为什么我的 init.d 脚本在手动调用时可以工作，但在启动时却不起作用？

我的目标

在启动时使用参数运行 x.flux

我的尝试

init.d 脚本。可以通过手动调用

sudo /etc/init.d/xflux start
[ ok ] Starting xflux (via systemctl): xflux.service.

我的问题

程序“x.flux”在启动后无法正常运行，即屏幕没有按预期变红。在 cli 中启动后使用相同的参数手动调用它可以按预期工作。

日志和假设

我收到

sudo service xflux status
● xflux.service - LSB: xflux start script
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/xflux; generated; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since [...] CEST; 18min ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 4153 ExecStop=/etc/init.d/xflux stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 4065 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/xflux start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

systemd[1]: Starting LSB: xflux start script...
xflux[4065]: Couldn't open display (null)
xflux[4065]: .
xflux[4065]: [10B blob data]
xflux[4065]: --------
xflux[4065]: Welcome to xflux (f.lux for X)
xflux[4065]: This will only work if you're running X on console.
systemd[1]: Started LSB: xflux start script.
systemd[1]: Stopping LSB: xflux start script...
systemd[1]: Stopped LSB: xflux start script.

所以这可能是无法打开显示空错误如何修复此问题但我不明白如何解决这个问题，如果这确实是问题所在。

剧本

为了完成这里的脚本

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          xflux
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: xflux start script
### END INIT INFO

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC="Description of the service"
NAME=xflux
RUNDIR=/usr/local/bin/$NAME
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/$NAME
DAEMON_ARGS="hereGoesMyLocationAsParam"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present
# and status_of_proc is working.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been started
    #   1 if daemon was already running
    #   2 if daemon could not be started
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
        || return 1
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
        $DAEMON_ARGS \
        || return 2
    # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
    # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
    # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
}

#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been stopped
    #   1 if daemon was already stopped
    #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
    #   other if a failure occurred
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    RETVAL="$?"
    [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
    # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
    # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
    # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
    # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
    # sleep for some time.
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
    [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
    rm -f $PIDFILE
    return "$RETVAL"
}

#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
    #
    # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
    # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
    # then implement that here.
    #
    start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_start
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  stop)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  status)
    status_of_proc "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
    ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
    #
    # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
    # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
    #
    #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
    #do_reload
    #log_end_msg $?
    #;;
  restart|force-reload)
    #
    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
    # 'force-reload' alias
    #
    log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
      0|1)
        do_start
        case "$?" in
            0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
            1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
            *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
        esac
        ;;
      *)
        # Failed to stop
        log_end_msg 1
        ;;
    esac
    ;;
  *)
    #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
    exit 3
    ;;
esac

:

答案1

所以，荣誉去帕特里克·梅夫泽克。调查的提示.xsession让我想到有相同需求的人。然后从那里到Debian 在 xinitrc 上的描述。那里的描述指出：

注意：现代桌面环境还具有（更简单|GUI）会话管理工具。 （在 Gnome 系统菜单 > 首选项 > 会话下）。除非有非常特殊的目的，否则没有必要修改 xinitrc 文件。

我使用 Xfce，是的，它可以在会话启动时添加程序：
-> 设置
-> 会话和启动行为
-> 自动启动程序

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