几天前，我安装了一个新的 CPU 风扇和一些额外的内存。
一切顺利，然而当将 USB 设备连接到我的 PCI 扩展卡时，它根本不起作用。
我追踪到的第一个错误代码是 -110，这似乎是超时。有几个人似乎通过拔掉所有东西并重新连接来解决这个问题，但我不行（https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/usb-error-110-a-4175600294/）
我在 dmesg 中发现的第二个错误是ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)。这似乎不是内核问题，需要通过 bios 更新来解决。应用此修复程序的问题：没有 bios 更新。（https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/acpi-error-%5Bdssp%5D-namespace-lookup-failure-ae_not_found-on-slackware-14-64-bit-4175448907/）
我尝试寻找扩展卡的其他问题，似乎其上的芯片组存在一些问题（https://bugs.launchpad.net/linuxmint/+bug/1332722和https://bugs.launchpad.net/linuxmint/+bug/1353050) 但似乎都不是最近的。
我也尝试过使用不同的 usb 和 pci 设备，也格式化了我的电脑并取出 GPU，但这些似乎都无济于事。有人能给我一些建议吗？
jeroen@apple-juice-test:~$ dmesg | grep "xhci\|usb\|ACPI"
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000083495000-0x0000000083495fff] ACPI NVS
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008a32a000-0x000000008a9cffff] ACPI NVS
[ 0.000000] efi: ACPI 2.0=0x8a62a000 ACPI=0x8a62a000 SMBIOS=0x8b2cc000 MPS=0xfca20 ESRT=0x88271658
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled
[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 0x000000008A62A000 000024 (v02 ALASKA)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: XSDT 0x000000008A62A0A0 0000C4 (v01 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x000000008A650E50 000114 (v06 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x000000008A62A200 026C4F (v02 ALASKA A M I 01072009 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x000000008A9CFC40 000040
[ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x000000008A650F68 0000BC (v03 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FPDT 0x000000008A651028 000044 (v01 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: MCFG 0x000000008A651070 00003C (v01 ALASKA A M I 01072009 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A6510B0 0003BC (v01 SataRe SataTabl 00001000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FIDT 0x000000008A651470 00009C (v01 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A651510 003159 (v02 SaSsdt SaSsdt 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A654670 00255F (v02 PegSsd PegSsdt 00001000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET 0x000000008A656BD0 000038 (v01 INTEL SKL 00000001 MSFT 0000005F)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A656C08 000DE5 (v02 INTEL Ther_Rvp 00001000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A6579F0 000A29 (v02 INTEL xh_rvp08 00000000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: UEFI 0x000000008A658420 000042 (v01 INTEL EDK2 00000002 01000013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A658468 000EDE (v02 CpuRef CpuSsdt 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LPIT 0x000000008A659348 000094 (v01 INTEL SKL 00000000 MSFT 0000005F)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: WSMT 0x000000008A6593E0 000028 (v01 INTEL SKL 00000000 MSFT 0000005F)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A659408 00029F (v02 INTEL sensrhub 00000000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000008A6596A8 003002 (v02 INTEL PtidDevc 00001000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DBGP 0x000000008A65C6B0 000034 (v01 INTEL 00000002 MSFT 0000005F)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DBG2 0x000000008A65C6E8 000054 (v00 INTEL 00000002 MSFT 0000005F)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: BGRT 0x000000008A65C740 000038 (v01 ALASKA A M I 01072009 AMI 00010013)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
[ 0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x1808
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x01] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x02] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x03] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x04] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x05] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x06] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x07] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x08] high edge lint[0x1])
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IRQ0 used by override.
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
[ 0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Core revision 20170831
[ 0.000000] ACPI: 9 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded
[ 0.057059] PM: Registering ACPI NVS region [mem 0x83495000-0x83495fff] (4096 bytes)
[ 0.057059] PM: Registering ACPI NVS region [mem 0x8a32a000-0x8a9cffff] (6971392 bytes)
[ 0.057100] ACPI FADT declares the system doesn't support PCIe ASPM, so disable it
[ 0.057100] ACPI: bus type PCI registered
[ 0.057100] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
[ 0.060041] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
[ 0.060041] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
[ 0.060042] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
[ 0.060042] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
[ 0.060043] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video)
[ 0.060043] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)
[ 0.060044] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics)
[ 0.060937] ACPI: Executed 36 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.073312] ACPI: [Firmware Bug]: BIOS _OSI(Linux) query ignored
[ 0.076769] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.076774] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E7531800 000717 (v02 PmRef Cpu0Ist 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.076993] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.077066] ACPI: \_PR_.CPU0: _OSC native thermal LVT Acked
[ 0.078416] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.078419] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E7604800 0003FF (v02 PmRef Cpu0Cst 00003001 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.078620] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.078765] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.078768] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E75FC800 000115 (v02 PmRef Cpu0Hwp 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.078941] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.079015] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.079018] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E75FF800 0001A4 (v02 PmRef HwpLvt 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.079186] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.079572] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.079576] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E7533000 00065C (v02 PmRef ApIst 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.080026] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.080165] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.080168] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E75FE200 000197 (v02 PmRef ApHwp 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.080369] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.080510] ACPI: Dynamic OEM Table Load:
[ 0.080513] ACPI: SSDT 0xFFFF9779E75FCC00 00018A (v02 PmRef ApCst 00003000 INTL 20160422)
[ 0.080714] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.084368] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[ 0.084400] ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
[ 0.084400] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[ 0.084430] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
[ 0.085459] ACPI: Enabled 6 GPEs in block 00 to 7F
[ 0.087746] ACPI: Power Resource [PG00] (on)
[ 0.088153] ACPI: Power Resource [PG01] (on)
[ 0.088546] ACPI: Power Resource [PG02] (on)
[ 0.091367] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.091684] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.092009] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.092327] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.092643] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.092956] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.093272] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.093594] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.093908] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.094221] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.094536] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.094850] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.095168] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.095483] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.095798] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.096115] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.096430] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.097657] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.097972] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.098286] ACPI: Power Resource [WRST] (on)
[ 0.110510] ACPI: Power Resource [FN00] (off)
[ 0.110593] ACPI: Power Resource [FN01] (off)
[ 0.110672] ACPI: Power Resource [FN02] (off)
[ 0.110751] ACPI: Power Resource [FN03] (off)
[ 0.110831] ACPI: Power Resource [FN04] (off)
[ 0.111995] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-fe])
[ 0.120835] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.120887] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 *10 11 12 14 15)
[ 0.120937] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.120989] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.121040] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKE] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.121090] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKF] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.121141] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKG] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.121193] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKH] (IRQs 3 4 5 6 10 *11 12 14 15)
[ 0.121824] ACPI: bus type USB registered
[ 0.121824] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.121824] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.121824] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.142831] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[ 0.179542] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[ 0.179847] system 00:00: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.180356] pnp 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0400 (active)
[ 0.180711] pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0501 (active)
[ 0.180830] system 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.180909] system 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.180921] pnp 00:05: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active)
[ 0.180954] system 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs INT3f0d PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.181179] system 00:07: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.181218] system 00:08: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.181487] system 00:09: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.182571] system 00:0a: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.183375] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 11 devices
[ 0.848568] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB]
[ 0.848592] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB]
[ 0.848658] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[ 0.968252] ACPI: Thermal Zone [TZ00] (28 C)
[ 0.968393] ACPI: Thermal Zone [TZ01] (30 C)
[ 1.014668] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.014671] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 1.015753] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: hcc params 0x200077c1 hci version 0x100 quirks 0x0000000001109810
[ 1.015757] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: cache line size of 64 is not supported
[ 1.015868] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 1.015869] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.015870] usb usb1: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.015871] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.015871] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:14.0
[ 1.017161] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.017163] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 1.017164] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed
[ 1.017187] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003
[ 1.017188] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.017188] usb usb2: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.017189] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.017190] usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:14.0
[ 1.017842] usb: port power management may be unreliable
[ 1.018214] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.018217] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[ 1.077104] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: hcc params 0x0200eec1 hci version 0x110 quirks 0x0000000000000010
[ 1.077267] usb usb3: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 1.077268] usb usb3: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.077268] usb usb3: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.077269] usb usb3: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.077270] usb usb3: SerialNumber: 0000:02:00.0
[ 1.077424] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.077425] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[ 1.077427] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: Host supports USB 3.1 Enhanced SuperSpeed
[ 1.077450] usb usb4: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM.
[ 1.077459] usb usb4: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003
[ 1.077460] usb usb4: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.077460] usb usb4: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.077461] usb usb4: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.077462] usb usb4: SerialNumber: 0000:02:00.0
[ 1.077659] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.077664] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5
[ 1.077775] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: hcc params 0x002841eb hci version 0x100 quirks 0x0000000000000090
[ 1.077870] usb usb5: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 1.077870] usb usb5: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.077871] usb usb5: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.077872] usb usb5: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.077872] usb usb5: SerialNumber: 0000:03:00.0
[ 1.078016] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.078018] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 6
[ 1.078019] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed
[ 1.078033] usb usb6: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM.
[ 1.078043] usb usb6: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003
[ 1.078044] usb usb6: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.078045] usb usb6: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.078045] usb usb6: Manufacturer: Linux 4.15.0-70-generic xhci-hcd
[ 1.078046] usb usb6: SerialNumber: 0000:03:00.0
[ 1.356071] usb 1-8: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.412064] usb 5-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.505384] usb 1-8: New USB device found, idVendor=8087, idProduct=0a2b
[ 1.505385] usb 1-8: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.636051] usb 1-11: new low-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.736460] ACPI: Video Device [GFX0] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no)
[ 1.792362] usb 1-11: New USB device found, idVendor=03f0, idProduct=0941
[ 1.792363] usb 1-11: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.792364] usb 1-11: Product: HP X500 USB Optical Mouse
[ 1.792365] usb 1-11: Manufacturer: PixArt
[ 1.920005] usb 1-12: new full-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[ 2.035116] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.035124] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT0._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.035428] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.035433] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT1._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.035480] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.035487] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT3._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.035906] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.035910] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT0._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.036394] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.036402] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT2._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.036560] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.036567] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT1._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.036664] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.036668] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT3._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.037254] ACPI Error: [DSSP] Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psargs-364)
[ 2.037263] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCI0.SAT0.PRT2._GTF, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/psparse-550)
[ 2.069060] usb 1-12: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=c336
[ 2.069061] usb 1-12: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 2.069061] usb 1-12: Product: Gaming Keyboard G213
[ 2.069062] usb 1-12: Manufacturer: Logitech
[ 2.069062] usb 1-12: SerialNumber: 117F36563633
[ 2.075559] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 2.075559] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 2.076559] input: PixArt HP X500 USB Optical Mouse as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-11/1-11:1.0/0003:03F0:0941.0001/input/input4
[ 2.076609] hid-generic 0003:03F0:0941.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [PixArt HP X500 USB Optical Mouse] on usb-0000:00:14.0-11/input0
[ 2.076675] input: Logitech Gaming Keyboard G213 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-12/1-12:1.0/0003:046D:C336.0002/input/input5
[ 2.136212] hid-generic 0003:046D:C336.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech Gaming Keyboard G213] on usb-0000:00:14.0-12/input0
[ 2.136328] input: Logitech Gaming Keyboard G213 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-12/1-12:1.1/0003:046D:C336.0003/input/input6
[ 2.196478] hid-generic 0003:046D:C336.0003: input,hiddev0,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech Gaming Keyboard G213] on usb-0000:00:14.0-12/input1
[ 6.752485] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 22.368468] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 22.604129] usb 5-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[ 27.744471] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 43.360476] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 43.468145] usb usb5-port1: attempt power cycle
[ 44.120129] usb 5-1: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[ 54.376132] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: Abort failed to stop command ring: -110
[ 54.392137] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: Host halt failed, -110
[ 54.392138] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: xHCI host controller not responding, assume dead
[ 54.392140] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: HC died; cleaning up
[ 54.392151] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: Timeout while waiting for setup device command
[ 54.808126] usb 5-1: device not accepting address 4, error -108
[ 54.808150] usb usb5-port1: couldn't allocate usb_device
[ 63.016019] parport_pc 00:01: reported by Plug and Play ACPI
[ 64.292379] usbcore: registered new interface driver btusb
答案1
我终于解决了这个问题。因为我看到很多人遇到同样的问题，所以我的解决办法也在这里。
原因
（注：这是根据我所见所闻做出的假设，并不一定是事实或真正的原因）
在问题出现的前几天，我不小心弄坏了我的 CPU 风扇。这需要我更换 CPU 风扇。在更换风扇时，我趁着电脑处于打开状态安装内存升级。这次内存升级导致主板启动 BIOS 重置。
因为这是安装新内存/更多内存时的常见步骤，所以在内存升级之前、期间和之后位于 pcie 端口的 pcie 扩展卡也导致启动其控制器的 BIOS 重置，从而使 pcie 卡处于未配置状态。
解决方案
（注：该解决方案针对的是威盛 VL 805/806芯片组
简短回答：
我通过升级 pcie 扩展卡的 bios 解决了这个问题
长答案：
首先，你需要一台裸机 Windows 机器。如果你有一台，你可以使用 Windows 分区。如果没有，你可以下载一个基于 Windows 的启动盘。我自己用的是Hiren 的启动 CD。如果您在 bios 中启用 iommu，您也应该能够使用虚拟机，但我个人不推荐它，因为还有其他更好的选择。
您需要做的第二件事是升级扩展卡芯片组的固件。由于我的扩展卡基于 VIA VL805 芯片组，因此我可以使用这个 (https://www.station-drivers.com/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=353&func=startdown&id=3495&lang=en）。
接下来是启动 Windows 并使用下载的 zip 文件夹中的工具安装固件更新（我下载的文件是 exe，但实际上是 zip。我认为这是网站后端的错误翻译）
由于我尽量做到通用，因此没有提供固件更新工具的详细说明。如果您的情况完全一样，也可以在 zip 文件夹中找到说明。
答案2
刚刚注册（所以我无法投票或评论）以便通知您，升级通用 VL805 卡上的固件解决了使用 MSI 790FX-GD70 主板后系统重启后固件不可见的问题。非常感谢！
自发布上一个答案以来，已有更新版本的固件可用：https://www.station-drivers.com/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=353&func=fileinfo&id=4411&lang=en