基本上，系统启动并运行了一段时间，但过了一会儿，桌面变得无响应并崩溃。在控制台（CTRL-ALT-F？）中，有一连串的错误日志，类型
systemd-journald[]: failed to write entry, ignoring: read-only file system
我想用 badblocks 和 smartctl 工具检查 ssd。但没有发现坏块；smartctl long test 的输出：
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: CT240BX500SSD1
Serial Number: 2020E3FBFA53
LU WWN Device Id: 0 000000 000000000
Firmware Version: M6CR013
User Capacity: 240,057,409,536 bytes [240 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Jul 10 21:31:05 2020 EEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
..........
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 37
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 32
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
173 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 7
174 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 17
180 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 100
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 068 022 050 Old_age Always In_the_past 32 (Min/Max 26/78)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 100 050 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
202 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0030 100 100 001 Old_age Offline - 100
206 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x002e 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
210 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 0
246 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 1242666346
247 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 38833323
248 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 24196272
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 33 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 33 -
# 3 Extended captive Completed without error 00% 30 -
# 4 Short captive Completed without error 00% 21 -
# 5 Short offline Aborted by host 80% 21 -
# 6 Short offline Aborted by host 80% 21 -
........
我不熟悉该工具，也不确定我是否能正确解析输出，但对我来说，从输出中看不出磁盘出现故障。
起初我以为可能是文件系统损坏了，但我尝试格式化磁盘并重新安装操作系统，但问题仍然存在。
那么这是不愿意承认的损坏的 SSD 吗？
使用的操作系统是 Kali Linux 2020.2（来自其网站）。但我怀疑该软件是否会导致这种情况。
SSD品牌及型号： Crucial BX500 240GB