在我的 Linux Mint 上使用华为 USB 记忆棒可以工作（开箱即用），但在我的 ubuntu 服务器上它不会创建界面。
lsusb：
Bus 001 Device 016: ID 12d1:14dc Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
/var/log/usb_modeswitch.log（两台机器上的输出相同，除了 1-10）
USB_ModeSwitch log from Sat Aug 1 00:04:23 2020
Use global config file: /etc/usb_modeswitch.conf
Raw args from udev: 1-10:1.0
Bus ID for device not given by udev.
Trying to determine it from kernel name (1-10:1.0) ...
Use top device dir /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-10
USB dir exists: /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-10
SCSI dir exists: /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-10
Warning: SCSI attribute "vendor" not readable.
Warning: SCSI attribute "model" not readable.
Warning: SCSI attribute "rev" not readable.
Use interface /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-10/1-10:1.0
----------------
USB values from sysfs:
idVendor 12d1
idProduct 1f01
manufacturer HUAWEI
product HUAWEI Mobile
serial FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
bNumConfigurations 1
bConfigurationValue 1
devnum 15
busnum 1
----------------
bNumConfigurations is 1 - don't check for active configuration
Found packed config collection /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/configPack.tar.gz
Searching entries named: /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/12d1:1f01*
Searching overriding entries named: /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/12d1:1f01*
SCSI attributes not needed, move on.
Extract config 12d1:1f01 from collection /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/configPack.tar.gz
config: TargetVendor set to 12d1
config: TargetProduct set to 14db,14dc
Driver module is "option", ID path is /sys/bus/usb-serial/drivers/option1
! matched, now switching
Unbinding driver
Command to be run:
/usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch -W -D -s 20 -c /run/usb_modeswitch/current_cfg -u -1 -b 1 -g 15 -v 12d1 -p 1f01 2>&1
Verbose debug output of usb_modeswitch and libusb follows
(Note that some USB errors are expected in the process)
--------------------------------
Read config file: /run/usb_modeswitch/current_cfg
* usb_modeswitch: handle USB devices with multiple modes
* Version 2.5.2 (C) Josua Dietze 2017
* Based on libusb1/libusbx
! PLEASE REPORT NEW CONFIGURATIONS !
DefaultVendor= 0x12d1
DefaultProduct= 0x1f01
TargetVendor= 0x12d1
TargetProductList="14db,14dc"
HuaweiNewMode=1
Success check enabled, max. wait time 20 seconds
System integration mode enabled
Use given bus/device number: 001/015 ...
Look for default devices ...
bus/device number matched
found USB ID 12d1:1f01
vendor ID matched
product ID matched
Found devices in default mode (1)
Get the current device configuration ...
Use interface number 0
with class 8
Use endpoints 0x01 (out) and 0x81 (in)
USB description data (for identification)
-------------------------
Manufacturer: HUAWEI
Product: HUAWEI Mobile
Serial No.: FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
-------------------------
Using standard Huawei switching message
Looking for active drivers ...
OK, driver detached
Set up interface 0
Use endpoint 0x01 for message sending ...
Trying to send message 1 to endpoint 0x01 ...
OK, message successfully sent
Read the response to message 1 (CSW) ...
Response successfully read (13 bytes), status 0
Reset response endpoint 0x81
Reset message endpoint 0x01
ok:busdev
--------------------------------
(end of usb_modeswitch output)
Check success of mode switch for max. 20 seconds ... Read attributes ...
USB dir exists: /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-10
Warning: USB attribute "serial" not readable.
All attributes matched
Mode switching was successful, found 12d1:14dc (HUAWEI: HUAWEI Mobile)Now check for bound driver ...
no driver has bound to interface 0 yet
Device not in "bind_list" yet, bind it now
Module loader is /sbin/modprobe
Module is active already
Try to add ID to driver "option"
ID added to driver; check for new devices in /dev
driver binding failed
Check for AVOID_RESET_QUIRK kernel attribute
AVOID_RESET_QUIRK activated
All done, exit
消息
[ 4004.412215] usb 1-10: new high-speed USB device number 17 using xhci_hcd
[ 4004.561533] usb 1-10: New USB device found, idVendor=12d1, idProduct=1f01
[ 4004.561539] usb 1-10: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 4004.561542] usb 1-10: Product: HUAWEI Mobile
[ 4004.561545] usb 1-10: Manufacturer: HUAWEI
[ 4004.561548] usb 1-10: SerialNumber: FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
[ 4004.614909] usb-storage 1-10:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 4004.615233] scsi host6: usb-storage 1-10:1.0
[ 4005.668902] scsi 6:0:0:0: CD-ROM HUAWEI Mass Storage 2.31 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[ 4005.685276] scsi 6:0:0:1: Direct-Access HUAWEI TF CARD Storage 2.31 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[ 4005.701070] sr 6:0:0:0: Power-on or device reset occurred
[ 4005.732978] sr 6:0:0:0: [sr0] scsi-1 drive
[ 4005.733343] sr 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0
[ 4005.733589] sr 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 5
[ 4005.734183] sd 6:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0
[ 4005.764449] sd 6:0:0:1: Power-on or device reset occurred
[ 4005.796221] sd 6:0:0:1: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
[ 4005.959885] usb 1-10: USB disconnect, device number 17
[ 4006.448382] usb 1-10: new high-speed USB device number 18 using xhci_hcd
[ 4006.597604] usb 1-10: New USB device found, idVendor=12d1, idProduct=14dc
[ 4006.597609] usb 1-10: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 4006.597613] usb 1-10: Product: HUAWEI Mobile
[ 4006.597616] usb 1-10: Manufacturer: HUAWEI
[ 4006.853910] cdc_ether 1-10:1.0 eth0: register 'cdc_ether' at usb-0000:00:14.0-10, CDC Ethernet Device, 00:1e:10:1f:00:00
[ 4006.854366] usb-storage 1-10:1.2: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 4006.854751] scsi host6: usb-storage 1-10:1.2
[ 4006.864087] cdc_ether 1-10:1.0 enx001e101f0000: renamed from eth0
[ 4007.887133] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access HUAWEI TF CARD Storage 2.31 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[ 4007.887717] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[ 4007.888703] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
[4006.864087] cdc_ether 1-10:1.0 enx001e101f0000：从 eth0 重命名
enx001e101f0000是我的桌面 Linux Mint 上的接口名称相同，并且可以正常工作，但在我的 ubuntu 服务器上，它在接口列表（ifconfig）中缺失，尽管如您所见，它在 dmesg 中被提及。
我遗漏了什么？我必须自己创建界面吗？
答案1
感谢帮助，我找到了解决方案：
打开界面：
ifconfig enx001e101f0000 up
获取IP：
dhclient enx001e101f0000
测试IP：
curl http://httpbin.org/ip --interface enx001e101f0000
>> {
>> "origin": ............
>> }
附言：我不确定，但也许摇杆处于错误模式（正如 JohnnyVegas 提到的）。我重新连接了摇杆并获得了有关 GSM 调制解调器的信息，dmesg但这可能是另一个故事。
94780.847155] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
[94780.864767] usbcore: registered new interface driver option
[94780.864776] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port)