我通过 SOCKS5 代理路由 Linux 机器。互联网按预期工作,我在查看时会看到代理的 IPhttp://whatismyip.com。
然而,一些网站报告说我遇到了 MITM 攻击:
软件正在阻止 Firefox 安全连接到该网站
www.mozilla.org 很可能是一个安全站点,但无法建立安全连接。此问题是由 DigiCert 全局根 CA 引起的,它是您计算机或网络上的软件。
你能为这个做什么?
www.mozilla.org 有一个称为 HTTP 严格传输安全 (HSTS) 的安全策略,这意味着 Firefox 只能安全地连接到它。您无法添加访问此网站的例外。
如果您的防病毒软件包含扫描加密连接的功能(通常称为“Web 扫描”或“https 扫描”),您可以禁用该功能。如果这不起作用,您可以删除并重新安装防病毒软件。
如果您使用公司网络,则可以联系您的 IT 部门。
如果您不熟悉 DigiCert 全局根 CA,那么这可能是一次攻击,您无法访问该网站。
https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/new/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=support.mozilla.org
Your connection is being intercepted by a TLS proxy. Uninstall it if possible or configure your device to trust its root certificate.
HTTP Strict Transport Security: true
HTTP Public Key Pinning: false
Certificate chain:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMScwJQYDVQQDEx5E
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AQELBQADggEBAKLJAFO3wuaP5MM/ed1lhk5Uc2aDokhcM7XyvdhEKSHbgPhcgMoT
9YIVoPa70gNC6KHcwoXu0g8wt7X6Vm1ql/68G5q844kFuC6JPl4LVT9mciD+VW6b
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H6O7PZdl0YpwTpw1THIuqCGl/wpPgyQgcTM=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIElDCCA3ygAwIBAgIQAf2j627KdciIQ4tyS8+8kTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBh
MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3
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j6tJLp07kzQoH3jOlOrHvdPJbRzeXDLz
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
如何缓解此错误以便我可以访问这些网站?我是否需要在本地计算机或代理上接受某些证书?
答案1
我已经断断续续地遇到这种情况几天了(我运行 Fedora 31 beta 几周了),并开始导致我访问的一些网站出现问题。
由于 Firefox 有自己的证书列表,因此我可以通过拉起 Chrome/Chromium 并查看页面来验证这不是网络问题。
我能够卸载然后重新安装 Firefox,这解决了我的问题。
答案2
您必须在计算机中下载并导入代理的 ca 文件。在 Debian/Ubuntu 上
- /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ 下的 pem 编码文件
- 通过“update-ca-certificates”导入