使用 SOCKS5 代理时如何配置设备信任根证书?

使用 SOCKS5 代理时如何配置设备信任根证书?

我通过 SOCKS5 代理路由 Linux 机器。互联网按预期工作,我在查看时会看到代理的 IPhttp://whatismyip.com

然而,一些网站报告说我遇到了 MITM 攻击:

软件正在阻止 Firefox 安全连接到该网站

www.mozilla.org 很可能是一个安全站点,但无法建立安全连接。此问题是由 DigiCert 全局根 CA 引起的,它是您计算机或网络上的软件。

你能为这个做什么?

www.mozilla.org 有一个称为 HTTP 严格传输安全 (HSTS) 的安全策略,这意味着 Firefox 只能安全地连接到它。您无法添加访问此网站的例外。

如果您的防病毒软件包含扫描加密连接的功能(通常称为“Web 扫描”或“https 扫描”),您可以禁用该功能。如果这不起作用,您可以删除并重新安装防病毒软件。

  • 如果您使用公司网络,则可以联系您的 IT 部门。

  • 如果您不熟悉 DigiCert 全局根 CA,那么这可能是一次攻击,您无法访问该网站。

https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/new/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=support.mozilla.org

Your connection is being intercepted by a TLS proxy. Uninstall it if possible or configure your device to trust its root certificate.

HTTP Strict Transport Security: true
HTTP Public Key Pinning: false

Certificate chain:

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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QS5jcmwwPQYDVR0gBDYwNDAyBgRVHSAAMCowKAYIKwYBBQUHAgEWHGh0dHBzOi8v
d3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbS9DUFMwHQYDVR0OBBYEFA+AYRyCMWHVLyjnjUY4tCzh
xtniMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFAPeUDVW0Uy7ZvCj4hsbw5eyPdFVMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEB
CwUAA4IBAQAjPt9L0jFCpbZ+QlwaRMxp0Wi0XUvgBCFsS+JtzLHgl4+mUwnNqipl
5TlPHoOlblyYoiQm5vuh7ZPHLgLGTUq/sELfeNqzqPlt/yGFUzZgTHbO7Djc1lGA
8MXW5dRNJ2Srm8c+cftIl7gzbckTB+6WohsYFfZcTEDts8Ls/3HB40f/1LkAtDdC
2iDJ6m6K7hQGrn2iWZiIqBtvLfTyyRRfJs8sjX7tN8Cp1Tm5gr8ZDOo0rwAhaPit
c+LJMto4JQtV05od8GiG7S5BNO98pVAdvzr508EIDObtHopYJeS4d60tbvVS3bR0
j6tJLp07kzQoH3jOlOrHvdPJbRzeXDLz
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

如何缓解此错误以便我可以访问这些网站?我是否需要在本地计算机或代理上接受某些证书?

答案1

我已经断断续续地遇到这种情况几天了(我运行 Fedora 31 beta 几周了),并开始导致我访问的一些网站出现问题。

由于 Firefox 有自己的证书列表,因此我可以通过拉起 Chrome/Chromium 并查看页面来验证这不是网络问题。

我能够卸载然后重新安装 Firefox,这解决了我的问题。

答案2

您必须在计算机中下载并导入代理的 ca 文件。在 Debian/Ubuntu 上

  • /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ 下的 pem 编码文件
  • 通过“update-ca-certificates”导入

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