昨天我尝试启动我的 Ubuntu 系统，但整个文件系统都变成“只读”。然后我尝试从 USB 驱动器启动以修复它fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sdb2，但仍然“只读”。但今天我成功启动了。但运行时sudo dmesg仍然会弹出一些错误消息。我的 SSD 坏了吗？或者我应该如何修复它？请帮帮我 :(
这是输出sudo fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sdb2
e2fsck 1.45.7 (28-Jan-2021)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/sdb2: 1614886/35356672 files (0.8% non-contiguous), 116892960/141399296 blocks
输出sudo dmesg（太长所以我只粘贴了几个）：
[ 2519.376257] ata6.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 2519.376261] ata6: hard resetting link
[ 2519.690591] ata6: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
[ 2519.691036] ata6.00: configured for UDMA/33
[ 2519.691056] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=0s
[ 2519.691060] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 2519.691062] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 2519.691066] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 8f 42 bb 90 00 00 08 00
[ 2519.691067] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 2403515280 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio
[ 2519.691083] ata6: EH complete
[ 2519.968200] ata6.00: exception Emask 0x52 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x880d00 action 0x6 frozen
[ 2519.968227] ata6.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
[ 2519.968230] ata6: SError: { UnrecovData Proto HostInt 10B8B LinkSeq }
[ 2519.968234] ata6.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
[ 2519.968236] ata6.00: cmd 25/00:88:00:a0:c1/00:00:6a:00:00/e0 tag 5 dma 69632 in
res 50/00:90:00:a0:81/00:00:6a:00:00/e0 Emask 0x52 (ATA bus error)
[ 2519.968244] ata6.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 2519.968248] ata6: hard resetting link
[ 2520.282734] ata6: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
[ 2520.283005] ata6.00: configured for UDMA/33
[ 2520.283029] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#5 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=0s
[ 2520.283034] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#5 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 2520.283038] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#5 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 2520.283042] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#5 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 6a c1 a0 00 00 00 88 00
[ 2520.283045] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 1791074304 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 2 prio
[ 2520.283066] ata6: EH complete
输出smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.11.0-16-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: GLOWAY STK1.5TS3-S7
Serial Number: 201911280042
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000000 00000016d
Firmware Version: 1.00
User Capacity: 1,440,290,267,136 bytes [1.44 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
TRIM Command: Available, deterministic, zeroed
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue Jan 18 08:58:32 2022 EST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 33) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x0031) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 19
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 4849
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 823
167 Unknown_Attribute 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
168 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2921
169 Unknown_Attribute 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 25165836
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 000 000 000 Old_age Always - 0
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 000 000 000 Old_age Always - 0
173 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 4297326601
175 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0022 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
180 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0033 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 14336
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 000 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 462
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 030 030 000 Old_age Always - 30 (Min/Max 10/50)
206 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 1
207 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 36
208 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 9
209 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 55
210 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 423
211 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 305
231 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0023 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 63899382656
234 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 289462459
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 16916923868
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 19160212489
245 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 504446480930
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 518 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 518 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4849 hours (202 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 10 47 2c e8 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x082c4710 = 137119504
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 10 47 2c e8 80 00:09:10.400 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 46 2c e8 80 00:09:10.400 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 45 2c e8 80 00:09:10.400 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 44 2c e8 80 00:09:10.400 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 43 2c e8 80 00:09:10.400 READ DMA
Error 517 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4849 hours (202 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 10 2f 2c e8 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x082c2f10 = 137113360
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 10 2f 2c e8 80 00:09:09.600 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 2e 2c e8 80 00:09:09.600 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 2d 2c e8 80 00:09:09.600 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 2c 2c e8 80 00:09:09.600 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 2b 2c e8 80 00:09:09.600 READ DMA
Error 516 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4849 hours (202 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 10 d5 2b e8 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x082bd510 = 137090320
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 10 d5 2b e8 80 00:09:08.800 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 d4 2b e8 80 00:09:08.800 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 d3 2b e8 80 00:09:08.800 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 d2 2b e8 80 00:09:08.800 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 d1 2b e8 80 00:09:08.800 READ DMA
Error 515 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4849 hours (202 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 10 c1 2b e8 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x082bc110 = 137085200
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 10 c1 2b e8 80 00:09:08.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 c0 2b e8 80 00:09:08.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 bf 2b e8 80 00:09:08.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 be 2b e8 80 00:09:08.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 bd 2b e8 80 00:09:08.100 READ DMA
Error 514 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4849 hours (202 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 10 39 2b e8 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x082b3910 = 137050384
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 10 39 2b e8 80 00:09:07.100 READ DMA
c8 00 20 38 53 2b e8 80 00:09:07.100 READ DMA
c8 00 08 30 53 2b e8 80 00:09:07.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 38 2b e8 80 00:09:07.100 READ DMA
c8 00 00 10 37 2b e8 80 00:09:07.100 READ DMA
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended captive Completed without error 00% 4849 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 4849 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
谢谢 ：）