我想知道我的计算机上的处理器、磁盘和内部总线运行速度是否足够快，能够以每秒 10 GB 的速度从磁盘文件发送数据？
% cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 58
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3537U CPU @ 2.00GHz
stepping : 9
microcode : 0x21
cpu MHz : 1286.233
cache size : 4096 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cpuid_fault epb pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase smep erms xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts md_clear flush_l1d
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips : 4988.39
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
% sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-6-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 2.5" HDD MQ01ABD...
Device Model: TOSHIBA MQ01ABD075
Serial Number: 33BWT0STT
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 4a1f83658
Firmware Version: AX0R2J
User Capacity: 750,156,374,016 bytes [750 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Jan 26 23:16:14 2020 WET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
% lspci -tv
-[0000:00]-+-00.0 Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller
+-01.0-[01]----00.0 NVIDIA Corporation GK107M [GeForce GT 740M]
+-02.0 Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller
+-04.0 Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core Processor Thermal Subsystem
+-14.0 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller
+-16.0 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
+-1a.0 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2
+-1b.0 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
+-1c.0-[02]--
+-1c.1-[03]----00.0 Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter
+-1c.3-[04]--+-00.0 Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader
| \-00.2 Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
+-1d.0 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1
+-1f.0 Intel Corporation HM76 Express Chipset LPC Controller
+-1f.2 Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 4-port SATA Controller [IDE mode]
+-1f.3 Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family SMBus Controller
\-1f.5 Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 2-port SATA Controller [IDE mode]
答案1
您的 CPU 的内存控制器理论峰值容量为 5GT/s，内存高达 25.6GBps，因此它应该能够生成 10Gbps 的流量。
然而，您的笔记本电脑不会有 10Gbps NIC，并且您的硬盘驱动器使用上限为 6Gbps 的连接（并且无疑比这慢得多，因为它是一个以 5400rpm 转速旋转的磁盘）。因此您无法读取 10Gbps 的流量，也无法将其发送到网络。
看一眼月亮生成器如果您想调查流量的产生。本文关于商品硬件的链接泛洪也值得一读。