我用了docker 撰写从Openpoiservice 项目。两个 Docker 容器均已成功启动。
kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
10fafbab73dc openpoiservice_gunicorn_flask "/ops_venv/bin/gunic…" 23 minutes ago Up 22 minutes 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp openpoiservice_gunicorn_flask_1
a66fe5691455 kartoza/postgis:11.0-2.5 "/bin/sh -c /docker-…" 23 minutes ago Up 22 minutes 5432/tcp openpoiservice_psql_postgis_db_1
但是，当尝试检查服务的功能时，它无法连接到数据库。我尝试手动完成：
kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker exec -it 10fafbab73dc /bin/bash
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app# psql -h localhost -U gis_admin-gis
psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
could not connect to server: Cannot assign requested address
Is the server running on host "localhost" (::1) and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app#
奇怪，检查只是为了防止容器网络的类型是网桥：
kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
81001dac99c0 bridge bridge local
8e65fb4ef6f8 host host local
94ce4e1605ef none null local
a3f48ac3facc openpoiservice_default bridge local
e3d4286df013 openpoiservice_poi_network bridge local
检查 Postgres 启动日志：
kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker logs a66fe5691455
Add rule to pg_hba: 0.0.0.0/0
Add rule to pg_hba: replication replicator
Setup master database
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
2020-02-08 13:50:20.675 UTC [25] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:20.683 UTC [25] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-02-08 13:50:20.756 UTC [37] LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2020-02-08 13:35:17 UTC
2020-02-08 13:50:21.830 UTC [48] postgres@postgres FATAL: the database system is starting up
psql: FATAL: the database system is starting up
2020-02-08 13:50:22.726 UTC [37] LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG: redo starts at 0/21CCC50
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG: invalid record length at 0/21CCC88: wanted 24, got 0
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG: redo done at 0/21CCC50
2020-02-08 13:50:22.867 UTC [25] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-----------------------
gis | gis_admin | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres ready
Setup postgres User:Password
Creating superuser gis_admin
ALTER ROLE
Creating replication user replicator
ALTER ROLE
gis db already exists
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-----------------------
gis | gis_admin | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
2020-02-08 13:50:24.785 UTC [25] LOG: received smart shutdown request
2020-02-08 13:50:24.799 UTC [25] LOG: background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 58) exited with exit code 1
2020-02-08 13:50:24.801 UTC [53] LOG: shutting down
2020-02-08 13:50:24.838 UTC [25] LOG: database system is shut down
Postgres initialisation process completed .... restarting in foreground
2020-02-08 13:50:25.842 UTC [148] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:25.842 UTC [148] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:25.850 UTC [148] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-02-08 13:50:25.880 UTC [150] LOG: database system was shut down at 2020-02-08 13:50:24 UTC
2020-02-08 13:50:25.887 UTC [148] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
看起来 Postgres 是在 IP 地址 0.0.0.0 上启动的。
我查看了 Docker 命令使用了哪些 IP ip addr show。尝试使用此 IP 重新连接：
psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
Is the server running on host "172.17.0.1" and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app# psql -h 172.17.255.255 -U gis_admin-gis
psql: could not connect to server: Connection timed out
Is the server running on host "172.17.255.255" and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
我可以尝试做什么来将脚本连接到数据库？
答案1
太长了；
psql -h psql_postgis_db -U gis_admin gis
# or
psql -h psql_postgis_db gis gis_admin
服务器地址有问题
您尝试的 IP 地址实际上都不正确。
- 127.0.0.1 是本地主机地址。由于您从 Flask 容器启动该命令，因此那里没有运行 posgres 服务。
- 172.17.0.1是docker网桥的ip。这实际上是同一网桥上的容器所看到的 docker 引擎主机的 IP。除非你的机器上运行着 postgres 并监听该 ip，否则你将得不到答案（而且这也不是正确的 postgres 服务器）
- 172.17.255.255是之前桥接网络的网络广播地址。
从您的启动日志中我们可以看到您的 postgres 应该正确监听。 0.0.0.0实际上并不是真正的IP：它代表“该主机上配置的任何IP”。
您可以查找 postgres 容器的 IP 来联系它（参见示例这个答案关于SO），但你甚至不必这样做。 docker/docker-compose 通过自动将同一网络上的容器/服务名称映射到各自的 IP，让您轻松实现这一点。因此可以使用服务名称访问您的数据库服务器psql_postgis_db
用户名和数据库名有问题
我真的不明白你在命令-U选项中写的内容psql（用户+数据库名称的混合......）。不管怎样，它应该是你想要用来连接 postgres 服务器的用户名。从您的撰写文件来看，它是gis_admin.由于不存在与用户同名的数据库，因此需要指定要连接的数据库名称。您可以使用-U选项( psql -U <user> <db>) 或使用位置参数( psql <db> <user>)
答案2
只需将 ports 参数添加到 docker-compose.yml 中即可。
例子：
# Use postgres/example user/password credentials
version: '3.1'
services:
db:
image: postgres
restart: always
environment:
POSTGRES_USER: root
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: example
ports:
- "5432:5432"