我的笔记本电脑有两个 nvme 驱动器：
- WDC PC SN730 SDBPNTY-512G-1101 (512GB)
- 三星 SSD 970 EVO Plus (1TB)
我猜我在 Linux Mint 21.1 (5.15.0-56-generic) 下遇到了性能问题。为了确定 Linux 下的性能，我运行：
sudo hdparm -t /dev/nvme0n1 ##WDC
Timing buffered disk reads: 4028 MB in 3.00 seconds = 1342.26 MB/sec
sudo hdparm -t /dev/nvme1n1 ##Samsung
Timing buffered disk reads: 8894 MB in 3.00 seconds = 2964.02 MB/sec
因此，我决定在 Windows 11 下对我的两个磁盘进行测试。两个驱动器的性能大致相同，所以我没有发布两个相同的屏幕截图。如您所见，基于操作系统的性能存在差异。在 Linux 下，它有 ~1300MB/秒，但在 Windows 下，它有 3000+ MB/秒。为什么会这样？提前谢谢
顺便说一下，这里是 smartctl 输出：
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/nvme0n1 ##WDC
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: WDC PC SN730 SDBPNTY-512G-1101
Serial Number: *
Firmware Version: 11190001
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x15b7
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x001b44
Total NVM Capacity: 512.110.190.592 [512 GB]
Unallocated NVM Capacity: 0
Controller ID: 8215
NVMe Version: 1.3
Number of Namespaces: 1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 512.110.190.592 [512 GB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64: 001b44 8b417829ec
Local Time is: Sun May 21 14:25:48 2023 +04
Firmware Updates (0x14): 2 Slots, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017): Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Log Page Attributes (0x1e): Cmd_Eff_Lg Ext_Get_Lg Telmtry_Lg Pers_Ev_Lg
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 128 Pages
Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 84 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 88 Celsius
Namespace 1 Features (0x02): NA_Fields
Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 5.50W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 + 3.50W - - 1 1 1 1 0 0
2 + 3.00W - - 2 2 2 2 0 0
3 - 0.0700W - - 3 3 3 3 4000 10000
4 - 0.0035W - - 4 4 4 4 4000 40000
Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
0 + 512 0 2
1 - 4096 0 1
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 43 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 1%
Data Units Read: 17.088.454 [8,74 TB]
Data Units Written: 14.665.163 [7,50 TB]
Host Read Commands: 230.753.892
Host Write Commands: 215.544.700
Controller Busy Time: 534
Power Cycles: 817
Power On Hours: 752
Unsafe Shutdowns: 73
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 1
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
===================================
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/nvme1n1 ##Samsung
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: Samsung SSD 970 EVO Plus 1TB
Serial Number: *
Firmware Version: 2B2QEXM7
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x144d
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x002538
Total NVM Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 [1,00 TB]
Unallocated NVM Capacity: 0
Controller ID: 4
NVMe Version: 1.3
Number of Namespaces: 1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 [1,00 TB]
Namespace 1 Utilization: 461.030.297.600 [461 GB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64: 002538 5911b1ec25
Local Time is: Sun May 21 14:28:02 2023 +04
Firmware Updates (0x16): 3 Slots, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017): Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Log Page Attributes (0x03): S/H_per_NS Cmd_Eff_Lg
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 512 Pages
Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 85 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 85 Celsius
Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 7.80W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 + 6.00W - - 1 1 1 1 0 0
2 + 3.40W - - 2 2 2 2 0 0
3 - 0.0700W - - 3 3 3 3 210 1200
4 - 0.0100W - - 4 4 4 4 2000 8000
Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
0 + 512 0 0
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 44 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 0%
Data Units Read: 12.387.466 [6,34 TB]
Data Units Written: 9.430.383 [4,82 TB]
Host Read Commands: 61.264.168
Host Write Commands: 29.762.033
Controller Busy Time: 252
Power Cycles: 861
Power On Hours: 482
Unsafe Shutdowns: 215
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 1.470
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Temperature Sensor 1: 44 Celsius
Temperature Sensor 2: 42 Celsius