我遇到了一些问题。我正在受信任的网络中设置业余本地 ftp 服务器。我想允许匿名/ftp 用户删除和重命名文件，但经过多次尝试修改 /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf 后，没有结果。我在 Fedora 38 上，使用 pure-ftpd 版本 1.0.51。我还将 /var/ftpd 设置为允许写入，默认文件权限为文件夹 777 和生成文件的 666。我还尝试在 sebool 中启用允许匿名 ftpd 写入，到目前为止 SELINUX 没有生成任何错误。我还尝试让 selinux 宽容，它不会在 /var/log/audit/audit.log 上引发任何错误
这是我的 pure-ftpd 配置
############################################################
# #
# Configuration file for pure-ftpd #
# #
############################################################
# If you want to run Pure-FTPd with this configuration
# instead of command-line options, please run the
# following command :
#
# /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf
#
# Online documentation:
# https://www.pureftpd.org/project/pure-ftpd/doc
# Restrict users to their home directory
ChrootEveryone yes
# If the previous option is set to "no", members of the following group
# won't be restricted. Others will be. If you don't want chroot()ing anyone,
# just comment out ChrootEveryone and TrustedGID.
# TrustedGID 100
# Turn on compatibility hacks for broken clients
BrokenClientsCompatibility no
# Maximum number of simultaneous users
MaxClientsNumber 100
# Run as a background process
# Important: this must be set to 'yes' for the systemd service to work.
Daemonize yes
# Maximum number of simultaneous clients with the same IP address
MaxClientsPerIP 16
# If you want to log all client commands, set this to "yes".
# This directive can be specified twice to also log server responses.
VerboseLog no
# List dot-files even when the client doesn't send "-a".
DisplayDotFiles yes
# Disallow authenticated users - Act only as a public FTP server.
AnonymousOnly yes
# Disallow anonymous connections. Only accept authenticated users.
NoAnonymous no
# Syslog facility (auth, authpriv, daemon, ftp, security, user, local*)
# The default facility is "ftp". "none" disables logging.
SyslogFacility ftp
# Display fortune cookies
# FortunesFile /usr/share/fortune/zippy
# Don't resolve host names in log files. Recommended unless you trust
# reverse host names, and don't care about DNS resolution being possibly slow.
DontResolve yes
# Maximum idle time in minutes (default = 15 minutes)
MaxIdleTime 15
# LDAP configuration file (see README.LDAP)
# LDAPConfigFile @sysconfigdir@/pureftpd-ldap.conf
# MySQL configuration file (see README.MySQL)
# MySQLConfigFile @sysconfigdir@/pureftpd-mysql.conf
# PostgreSQL configuration file (see README.PGSQL)
# PGSQLConfigFile @sysconfigdir@/pureftpd-pgsql.conf
# PureDB user database (see README.Virtual-Users)
# PureDB @sysconfigdir@/pureftpd.pdb
# Path to pure-authd socket (see README.Authentication-Modules)
# ExtAuth /var/run/ftpd.sock
# If you want to enable PAM authentication, uncomment the following line
PAMAuthentication yes
# If you want simple Unix (/etc/passwd) authentication, uncomment this
# UnixAuthentication yes
# Please note that LDAPConfigFile, MySQLConfigFile, PAMAuthentication and
# UnixAuthentication can be used specified once, but can be combined
# together. For instance, if you use MySQLConfigFile, then UnixAuthentication,
# the SQL server will be used first. If the SQL authentication fails because the
# user wasn't found, a new attempt will be done using system authentication.
# If the SQL authentication fails because the password didn't match, the
# authentication chain stops here. Authentication methods are chained in
# the order they are given.
# 'ls' recursion limits. The first argument is the maximum number of
# files to be displayed. The second one is the max subdirectories depth.
LimitRecursion 10000 8
# Are anonymous users allowed to create new directories?
AnonymousCanCreateDirs yes
# If the system load is greater than the given value, anonymous users
# aren't allowed to download.
MaxLoad 64
# Port range for passive connections - keep it as broad as possible.
# PassivePortRange 30000 50000
# Force an IP address in PASV/EPSV/SPSV replies. - for NAT.
# Symbolic host names are also accepted for gateways with dynamic IP
# addresses.
# ForcePassiveIP 192.168.0.1
# Upload/download ratio for anonymous users.
# AnonymousRatio 1 10
# Upload/download ratio for all users.
# This directive supersedes the previous one.
# UserRatio 1 10
# Disallow downloads of files owned by the "ftp" system user;
# files that were uploaded but not validated by a local admin.
AntiWarez yes
# IP address/port to listen to (default=all IP addresses, port 21).
# Bind 127.0.0.1,21
# Maximum bandwidth for anonymous users in KB/s
# AnonymousBandwidth 8
# Maximum bandwidth for *all* users (including anonymous) in KB/s
# Use AnonymousBandwidth *or* UserBandwidth, not both.
# UserBandwidth 8
# File creation mask. <umask for files>:<umask for dirs> .
# 177:077 if you feel paranoid.
Umask 111:011
# Minimum UID for an authenticated user to log in.
# For example, a value of 100 prevents all users whose user id is below
# 100 from logging in. If you want "root" to be able to log in, use 0.
MinUID 1000
# Allow FXP transfers for authenticated users.
AllowUserFXP no
# Allow anonymous FXP for anonymous and non-anonymous users.
AllowAnonymousFXP no
# Users can't delete/write files starting with a dot ('.')
# even if they own them. But if TrustedGID is enabled, that group
# will exceptionally have access to dot-files.
ProhibitDotFilesWrite no
# Prohibit *reading* of files starting with a dot (.history, .ssh...)
ProhibitDotFilesRead no
# Don't overwrite files. When a file whose name already exist is uploaded,
# it gets automatically renamed to file.1, file.2, file.3, ...
AutoRename no
# Prevent anonymous users from uploading new files (no = upload is allowed)
AnonymousCantUpload no
# Only connections to this specific IP address are allowed to be
# non-anonymous. You can use this directive to open several public IPs for
# anonymous FTP, and keep a private firewalled IP for remote administration.
# You can also only allow a non-routable local IP (such as 10.x.x.x) for
# authenticated users, and run a public anon-only FTP server on another IP.
# TrustedIP 10.1.1.1
# To add the PID to log entries, uncomment the following line.
# LogPID yes
# Create an additional log file with transfers logged in a Apache-like format :
# fw.c9x.org - jedi [13/Apr/2017:19:36:39] "GET /ftp/linux.tar.bz2" 200 21809338
# This log file can then be processed by common HTTP traffic analyzers.
AltLog clf:/var/log/pureftpd.log
# Create an additional log file with transfers logged in a format optimized
# for statistic reports.
# AltLog stats:/var/log/pureftpd.log
# Create an additional log file with transfers logged in the standard W3C
# format (compatible with many HTTP log analyzers)
# AltLog w3c:/var/log/pureftpd.log
# Disallow the CHMOD command. Users cannot change perms of their own files.
NoChmod no
# Allow users to resume/upload files, but *NOT* to delete them.
KeepAllFiles no
# Automatically create home directories if they are missing
CreateHomeDir yes
# Enable virtual quotas. The first value is the max number of files.
# The second value is the maximum size, in megabytes.
# So 1000:10 limits every user to 1000 files and 10 MB.
# Quota 1000:10
# If your pure-ftpd has been compiled with standalone support, you can change
# the location of the pid file. The default is /var/run/pure-ftpd.pid
#PIDFile /var/run/pure-ftpd.pid
# If your pure-ftpd has been compiled with pure-uploadscript support,
# this will make pure-ftpd write info about new uploads to
# /var/run/pure-ftpd.upload.pipe so pure-uploadscript can read it and
# spawn a script to handle the upload.
# Don't enable this option if you don't actually use pure-uploadscript.
# CallUploadScript yes
# This option is useful on servers where anonymous upload is
# allowed. When the partition is more that percententage full,
# new uploads are disallowed.
MaxDiskUsage 49
# Set to 'yes' to prevent users from renaming files.
NoRename no
# Be 'customer proof': forbids common customer mistakes such as
# 'chmod 0 public_html', that are valid, but can cause customers to
# unintentionally shoot themselves in the foot.
CustomerProof yes
# Per-user concurrency limits. Will only work if the FTP server has
# been compiled with --with-peruserlimits.
# Format is: <max sessions per user>:<max anonymous sessions>
# For example, 3:20 means that an authenticated user can have up to 3 active
# sessions, and that up to 20 anonymous sessions are allowed.
# PerUserLimits 3:20
# When a file is uploaded and there was already a previous version of the file
# with the same name, the old file will neither get removed nor truncated.
# The file will be stored under a temporary name and once the upload is
# complete, it will be atomically renamed. For example, when a large PHP
# script is being uploaded, the web server will keep serving the old version and
# later switch to the new one as soon as the full file will have been
# transferred. This option is incompatible with virtual quotas.
# NoTruncate yes
# This option accepts three values:
# 0: disable SSL/TLS encryption layer (default).
# 1: accept both cleartext and encrypted sessions.
# 2: refuse connections that don't use the TLS security mechanism,
# including anonymous sessions.
# Do _not_ uncomment this blindly. Double check that:
# 1) The server has been compiled with TLS support (--with-tls),
# 2) A valid certificate is in place,
# 3) Only compatible clients will log in.
# TLS 1
# Cipher suite for TLS sessions.
# The default suite is secure and setting this property is usually
# only required to *lower* the security to cope with legacy clients.
# Prefix with -C: in order to require valid client certificates.
# If -C: is used, make sure that clients' public keys are present on
# the server.
# TLSCipherSuite HIGH
# Certificate file, for TLS
# The certificate itself and the keys can be bundled into the same
# file or split into two files.
# CertFile is for a cert+key bundle, CertFileAndKey for separate files.
# Use only one of these.
# CertFile /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem
# CertFileAndKey "/etc/pure-ftpd.pem" "/etc/pure-ftpd.key"
# Unix socket of the external certificate handler, for TLS
# ExtCert /var/run/ftpd-certs.sock
# Listen only to IPv4 addresses in standalone mode (ie. disable IPv6)
# By default, both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled.
# IPV4Only yes
# Listen only to IPv6 addresses in standalone mode (i.e. disable IPv4)
# By default, both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled.
文件夹所有者和 SELINUX 上下文：
[ben@TP-X220 ftp]$ pwd
/var/ftp
[ben@TP-X220 ftp]$ ls -lahRZ
.:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 1 ftp ftp system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 6 2023-06-13 08:02 .
drwxr-xr-x. 1 root root system_u:object_r:var_t:s0 194 2023-05-07 08:25 ..
drwxrwxrwx. 1 ftp ftp unconfined_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 58 2023-06-13 08:28 sql
./sql:
total 16K
drwxrwxrwx. 1 ftp ftp unconfined_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 58 2023-06-13 08:28 .
drwxr-xr-x. 1 ftp ftp system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 6 2023-06-13 08:02 ..
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 ftp ftp system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 244 2023-06-13 08:28 coba.py
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 ftp ftp system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 0 2023-06-13 08:06 coba.txt
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 ftp ftp system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 12K 2023-06-13 08:08 pure-ftpd.conf
这是 semanage boolean -l
[ben@TP-X220 ftp]$ getenforce
Permissive
[ben@TP-X220 ftp]$ sudo semanage boolean -l | grep ftp
ftpd_anon_write (on , on) Allow ftpd to anon write
ftpd_connect_all_unreserved (off , off) Allow ftpd to connect all unreserved
ftpd_connect_db (off , off) Allow ftpd to connect db
ftpd_full_access (on , on) Allow ftpd to full access
ftpd_use_cifs (off , off) Allow ftpd to use cifs
ftpd_use_fusefs (off , off) Allow ftpd to use fusefs
ftpd_use_nfs (off , off) Allow ftpd to use nfs
ftpd_use_passive_mode (on , on) Allow ftpd to use passive mode
httpd_can_connect_ftp (off , off) Allow httpd to can connect ftp
httpd_enable_ftp_server (off , off) Allow httpd to enable ftp server
tftp_anon_write (off , off) Allow tftp to anon write
tftp_home_dir (off , off) Allow tftp to home dir
删除时 ftp 客户端的输出
ftp> ls -lah
229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||54365|)
150 Accepted data connection
drwxrwxrwx 1 14 50 58 Jun 13 08:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 0 0 6 Jun 13 08:02 ..
-rw-rw-rw- 1 14 50 244 Jun 13 08:28 coba.py
-rw-rw-rw- 1 14 50 0 Jun 13 08:06 coba.txt
-rw-rw-rw- 1 14 50 11487 Jun 13 08:08 pure-ftpd.conf
226-Options: -a -l
226 5 matches total
ftp> delete coba.py
550 Anonymous users can not delete files
ftp> cd /
ftp> ls -lah
229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||65372|)
150 Accepted data connection
drwxrwxrwx 1 14 50 12 Jun 13 09:31 .
drwxrwxrwx 1 14 50 12 Jun 13 09:31 ..
drwxrwxrwx 1 14 50 0 Jun 13 09:31 ben
drwxrwxrwx 1 14 50 58 Jun 13 08:28 sql
226-Options: -a -l
226 4 matches total
ftp> rm ben
550 Sorry, anonymous users are not allowed to remove directories
ftp> delete ben
550 Anonymous users can not delete files
我确实检查过了https://superuser.com/a/419683/973279，但据我所知，我可以在其中写入和创建目录，所以我不知道为什么它不能删除，因为已经有写入权限了。更改配置文件后，我已经重新启动了服务。任何帮助都非常感谢。谢谢
答案1
注意：我没有使用任何ftpd，包括Pure-FTPd（虽然它看起来很不错），并且这个答案完全基于查看源代码和构建日志。 Fedora 可能修改了源代码和/或构建日志没有表示/显示构建 的所有可能配置选项Pure-FTPd。
Pure-FTPd 的设计充分考虑了安全性因此匿名访问操作默认受到限制也就不足为奇了。原帖指出，FTP 服务器将位于“可信赖的网络”并且可能与受信任的用户有关，因此放松此环境中的安全性可能是可以接受的风险。命令行参数（请参阅手册页或GitHub 自述文件） 和配置文件选项可以允许一些匿名用户操作，但是似乎匿名用户删除权限只能在构建时启用。
摘录pure-ftpd自src/ftpd.c：
...
void dodele(char *name)
{
#ifndef ANON_CAN_DELETE
if (guest != 0) {
addreply_noformat(550, MSG_ANON_CANT_DELETE);
return;
}
#endif
...
void dormd(char *name)
{
#ifdef QUOTAS
Quota quota;
#endif
#ifndef ANON_CAN_DELETE
if (guest != 0) {
addreply_noformat(550, MSG_ANON_CANT_RMD);
return;
}
#endif
...
看着Fedora 的构建日志，似乎没有任何设置ANON_CAN_DELETE可以允许匿名用户删除权限。
OP 可能需要pure-ftpd在启用所有所需权限的情况下进行构建，或者可能需要找到另一个已启用所需选项的包进行安装。