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无法在 Centos 8.1 上安装 cairo-devel 和 pango-devel（用于 Tesseract）

tag-icon • tag-icon yum centos-8 dnf tesseract-ocr
无法在 Centos 8.1 上安装 cairo-devel 和 pango-devel（用于 Tesseract）

为了编译Tesseract 培训计划从源代码来看，必须安装pango和的开发包。但是，我在 Centos 8.1 上安装它们时遇到了麻烦。cairo

# cat /etc/redhat-release
Centos release 8.1.1911 (Core)

# dnf makecache
CentOS-8 - AppStream                                                                                            58 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00
CentOS-8 - Base                                                                                                 20 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00
CentOS-8 - Extras                                                                                              1.7 kB/s | 1.5 kB     00:00
CentOS-8 - PowerTools                                                                                          129 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00
CERT Forensics Tools Repository                                                                                1.1 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:02
CERT Forensics Tools Repository - Splunk                                                                       1.1 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:02
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64                                                          11 kB/s | 7.9 kB     00:00
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64                                                                 7.5 kB/s | 5.7 kB     00:00
Node.js Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64                                                                50 kB/s | 2.5 kB     00:00
Metadata cache created.

然后：

# dnf install cairo-devel
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:28 ago on Sun 13 Aug 2023 05:24:52 PM +08.
Error:
 Problem: cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(gobject-2.0) needed by cairo-devel-1.15.12-3.el8.x86_64
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(glib-2.0) >= 2.14 needed by cairo-devel-1.15.12-3.el8.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

和...

# dnf install pango-devel
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:35 ago on Sun 13 Aug 2023 05:24:52 PM +08.
Error:
 Problem: cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(glib-2.0) needed by pango-devel-1.42.4-8.el8.x86_64
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(gobject-2.0) needed by pango-devel-1.42.4-8.el8.x86_64
  - nothing provides glib2-devel(x86-64) >= 2.56.1 needed by pango-devel-1.42.4-8.el8.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

使用--nobest会给出更长的“未提供任何内容...”错误列表。我尝试先安装这两个pkgconfig包，但找不到任何匹配的内容。

如何安装 pango-devel 和 cairo-devel？

（遗憾的是，操作系统固定在 Centos 8.1.1911，无法升级）

答案1

pango-devel 和 cairo-devel 都依赖于 glib2-devel，而后者又依赖于 glib2。

glib2-devel 和 glib2 的版本必须匹配，但 Centos 8.1.1911“vault”repo 没有正确版本的软件包。

因此我找到了一个与已安装的 glib2 包版本匹配的 glib2-devel：

dnf install https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/glib2-devel-2.56.4-7.el8.x86_64.rpm
dnf install cairo-devel
dnf install https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/glib2-devel-2.56.4-7.el8.x86_64.rpm

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