所以我很困惑（双关语）。我看到了数据包丢失，但只在回程时出现（在 iperf 中显示，但不在 WinMTR 或 ping 中显示），并且只在 Windows 11 中出现。如果我启动 Ubuntu 22.04，我会得到最小的丢失（可接受的水平）。这严重影响了国际路线的下载速度。我有一条 400Mbps 光纤线路，由于数据包丢失，国际下载速度为 20 - 50Mbps。
以下是我尝试过并发现的内容的摘要：
- 我正在使用主板（Gigabyte B760 GAMING X DDR4）和 NIC（Realtek Gaming 2.5GbE Family Controller）的最新驱动程序
- 我尝试了另外 2 个 NIC，但不幸的是它们都是 Realtek 主板的变体（但问题相同）
- 英特尔 i7-13700KF、64GB RAM 和 Mushkin MKNSSDTS1TB-D8 Tempest 1TB SSD 不太可能成为 CPU 或其他瓶颈
- 更换电缆并直接通过 ONT 进行尝试
- 设置本地 iPerf 服务器进行测试和相同的数据包丢失
- 在 Windows 11 上重置网络适配器
- 关闭安全虚拟化/虚拟机管理程序平台
- 光纤提供商已更换 ONT 并重新接入新的 PON - 没有区别（但考虑到上述情况，不太可能如此）
- ISP 无法发现其方面的任何路由或容量问题
- 在“干净启动”模式下测试 - 没有变化
不幸的是，由于 Realtek 驱动程序不支持安全模式，我无法在安全模式下进行测试，但我进行了完全全新安装，即使是最低限度的安装也没有任何变化。我只能认为 Windows 11 中存在驱动程序问题或我遗漏的一些基本问题？
下面是从 Windows 11 进行的 iperf，然后使用 Ubuntu 到同一台服务器，相隔几分钟：
iperf3.exe -4 -V -t 30 -O 3 -u -b 400M -l 1440 -R -c *******
iperf 3.15
CYGWIN_NT-10.0-22621 PC 3.4.9-1.x86_64 2023-09-06 11:19 UTC x86_64
Control connection MSS 1460
Time: Wed, 15 Nov 2023 12:39:34 GMT
Connecting to host *******, port 5201
Reverse mode, remote host ******* is sending
Target Bitrate: 400000000
[ 5] local 192.168.1.252 port 64574 connected to 196.******* port 5201
Starting Test: protocol: UDP, 1 streams, 1440 byte blocks, omitting 3 seconds, 30 second test, tos 0
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 47.5 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.021 ms 1780/36392 (4.9%) (omitted)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.021 ms 91/34724 (0.26%) (omitted)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 46.7 MBytes 392 Mbits/sec 0.024 ms 720/34722 (2.1%) (omitted)
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.062 ms 53/34699 (0.15%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 47.1 MBytes 395 Mbits/sec 0.059 ms 438/34748 (1.3%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 47.2 MBytes 396 Mbits/sec 0.048 ms 323/34727 (0.93%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 47.4 MBytes 398 Mbits/sec 0.056 ms 195/34718 (0.56%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.059 ms 69/34722 (0.2%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 42.5 MBytes 357 Mbits/sec 0.052 ms 3774/34723 (11%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 32.5 MBytes 272 Mbits/sec 0.053 ms 11087/34723 (32%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 37.5 MBytes 314 Mbits/sec 0.050 ms 7432/34723 (21%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 41.0 MBytes 344 Mbits/sec 0.038 ms 4821/34711 (14%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 41.9 MBytes 351 Mbits/sec 0.051 ms 4241/34737 (12%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 42.4 MBytes 356 Mbits/sec 0.048 ms 3836/34723 (11%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 42.1 MBytes 353 Mbits/sec 0.037 ms 4072/34725 (12%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 41.4 MBytes 347 Mbits/sec 0.041 ms 4586/34723 (13%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 41.2 MBytes 346 Mbits/sec 0.037 ms 4716/34726 (14%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 43.0 MBytes 360 Mbits/sec 0.041 ms 3440/34722 (9.9%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 43.1 MBytes 362 Mbits/sec 0.068 ms 3314/34712 (9.5%)
[ 5] 16.00-17.00 sec 45.1 MBytes 378 Mbits/sec 0.039 ms 1895/34733 (5.5%)
[ 5] 17.00-18.00 sec 45.1 MBytes 379 Mbits/sec 0.026 ms 1865/34730 (5.4%)
[ 5] 18.00-19.01 sec 45.8 MBytes 382 Mbits/sec 0.028 ms 1273/34649 (3.7%)
[ 5] 19.01-20.00 sec 46.0 MBytes 388 Mbits/sec 0.028 ms 1337/34797 (3.8%)
[ 5] 20.00-21.00 sec 45.4 MBytes 381 Mbits/sec 0.025 ms 1670/34729 (4.8%)
[ 5] 21.00-22.00 sec 35.6 MBytes 299 Mbits/sec 0.023 ms 8765/34722 (25%)
[ 5] 22.00-23.00 sec 39.2 MBytes 329 Mbits/sec 0.024 ms 6169/34722 (18%)
[ 5] 23.00-24.00 sec 39.6 MBytes 332 Mbits/sec 0.043 ms 5871/34731 (17%)
[ 5] 24.00-25.00 sec 38.7 MBytes 325 Mbits/sec 0.023 ms 6504/34704 (19%)
[ 5] 25.00-26.00 sec 39.9 MBytes 335 Mbits/sec 0.046 ms 5654/34737 (16%)
[ 5] 26.00-27.00 sec 40.0 MBytes 336 Mbits/sec 0.049 ms 5570/34722 (16%)
[ 5] 27.00-28.00 sec 38.3 MBytes 322 Mbits/sec 0.069 ms 6805/34722 (20%)
[ 5] 28.00-29.00 sec 40.2 MBytes 337 Mbits/sec 0.045 ms 5445/34722 (16%)
[ 5] 29.00-30.00 sec 35.5 MBytes 298 Mbits/sec 0.056 ms 8863/34723 (26%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Test Complete. Summary Results:
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-30.07 sec 1.40 GBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/0 (0%) sender
[SUM] 0.0-30.1 sec 31 datagrams received out-of-order
[ 5] 0.00-30.00 sec 1.23 GBytes 352 Mbits/sec 0.056 ms 124083/1041705 (12%) receiver
iperf Done.
乌本图：
iperf3 -4 -V -t 30 -O 3 -u -b 400M -l 1440 -R -c *******
iperf 3.9
Linux ubuntu 6.2.0-26-generic #26~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Jul 13 16:27:29 UTC 2 x86_64
Control connection MSS 1448
Time: Wed, 15 Nov 2023 14:30:09 GMT
Connecting to host *******, port 5201
Reverse mode, remote host ********* is sending
Cookie: *********
Target Bitrate: 400000000
[ 5] local 192.168.1.252 port 44626 connected to 196.******** port 5201
Starting Test: protocol: UDP, 1 streams, 1440 byte blocks, omitting 3 seconds, 30 second test, tos 0
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 47.8 MBytes 401 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 1313/36118 (3.6%) (omitted)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.017 ms 0/34722 (0%) (omitted)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34723 (0%) (omitted)
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.015 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34723 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.027 ms 46/34694 (0.13%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34750 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 43.3 MBytes 363 Mbits/sec 0.011 ms 0/31548 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 52.0 MBytes 437 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/37896 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.016 ms 35/34723 (0.1%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.010 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.015 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 47.3 MBytes 397 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 244/34723 (0.7%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 16.00-17.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34723 (0%)
[ 5] 17.00-18.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34721 (0%)
[ 5] 18.00-19.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.019 ms 44/34723 (0.13%)
[ 5] 19.00-20.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 20.00-21.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.015 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 21.00-22.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.012 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 22.00-23.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 9/34723 (0.026%)
[ 5] 23.00-24.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.013 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 24.00-25.00 sec 47.6 MBytes 399 Mbits/sec 0.026 ms 73/34708 (0.21%)
[ 5] 25.00-26.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.015 ms 0/34737 (0%)
[ 5] 26.00-27.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 27.00-28.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 28.00-29.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.014 ms 0/34722 (0%)
[ 5] 29.00-30.00 sec 47.7 MBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.017 ms 0/34722 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Test Complete. Summary Results:
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-30.06 sec 1.40 GBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/1042325 (0%) sender
[SUM] 0.0-30.1 sec 25 datagrams received out-of-order
[ 5] 0.00-30.00 sec 1.40 GBytes 400 Mbits/sec 0.017 ms 451/1041666 (0.043%) receiver
iperf Done.
关于原因及解决方法有什么建议吗？