我正在双启动相对较新的 Debian 12 安装（6.1.0-16-amd64 内核）和 Windows 11（快速启动已关闭）。
我的 USB 键盘随时都可能停止响应。有时启动时会出现问题（例如键盘在 GRUB 菜单或 BIOS 中不起作用），有时启动后 30 至 50 分钟就会出现问题。其他 USB 设备工作正常（参见 PS），包括闪存驱动器和无线鼠标（带 USB 接收器）。
首先，我尝试谷歌搜索。但确切地说，我尝试将此键盘连接到主板的所有 USB 端口，尝试移除所有其他设备（包括鼠标），然后尝试使用其他键盘，没有结果。另外，我尝试在 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 设置中设置“usbcore.autosuspend=-1”和“usbcore.old_scheme_first=1” /etc/default/grub（我已经sudo update-grub按照这个方法运行了）。
在 Windows 11 中是有些问题，但键盘无法完全关闭，相反，它可以重复按单个键，直到我将其从 PC 上拔下。USB 自动挂起（或 Windows 中此设置的任何名称）已禁用。
问题有时可暂时地如果我将键盘插入另一个 USB 插槽，问题就解决了。
示例dmesg --level=err输出：
[ 9.745860] usb usb1-port6: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 111.293266] usb usb1-port6: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 547.208550] usb usb1-port6: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 557.685632] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 5, error -71
[ 567.953617] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 6, error -71
[ 583.826059] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 599.441798] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 615.314514] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 631.138643] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 631.247839] usb usb1-port6: unable to enumerate USB device
[ 730.752101] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 9, error -71
[ 741.020226] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 10, error -71
[ 756.884532] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 772.568763] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 788.373013] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 803.989229] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 804.098445] usb usb1-port6: unable to enumerate USB device
[ 875.930235] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 13, error -71
[ 886.406412] usb 1-6: device not accepting address 14, error -71
[ 902.294724] usb 1-6: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 931.758274] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 960.475748] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 985.643873] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 991.691889] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 992.154839] usb 5-1: can't set config #1, error -71
[ 992.154939] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 996.251936] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1025.052557] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1049.260758] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1050.300168] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1063.196207] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1097.996794] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1149.676616] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1177.212742] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1188.380858] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1190.925289] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1196.188833] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1209.613342] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1246.477095] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1247.549114] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1274.413199] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1359.165603] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1399.325788] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1403.981819] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1406.317822] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1467.550120] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1482.750197] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1548.414883] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1548.887619] usbhid 5-1:1.0: can't add hid device: -71
[ 1548.887785] usb usb5-port1: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1553.736661] usb 5-1: device not accepting address 30, error -71
[ 1577.693109] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1591.965210] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1596.013230] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1610.685312] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1645.533452] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1915.998732] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 1952.510912] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 2084.848063] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 2197.088045] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
[ 2264.242157] usb usb3-port4: disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
（完整dmesg输出：https://pastebin.com/EQLBQguN）
错误日志表明可能存在 EMI，但我主板附近的唯一东西是 PSU、HDD 和 SDD（我正在运行一个没有 PC 机箱的系统）。
当然，这是硬件问题。我该如何调试？我的两个键盘都有问题吗？
附言：写这篇文章的时候，我的鼠标突然关闭了一次。之前没有出现过这种情况。
答案1
答案可以从这个问题中推断出来：“错误日志指出可能会有 EMI，但我主板附近只有 PSU、HDD 和 SDD（我正在运行系统无需 PC 机箱)”。
除了放置茶杯的地方之外，考虑一下茶盒的功能。
答案2
导致此现象的原因是主板故障。我不知道问题是什么，也不知道这是否是工厂缺陷。我使用的是 Gigabyte B450 S2H (Rev. 1.x) 主板。
希望这对某人有帮助。