我有一个硬盘 (HUH721010ALE601)，报告 SMART 测试失败，但我很难理解它的含义。失败似乎与属性 45 有关，该属性标记为“未知属性”。这个属性指的是什么？我没有在HDD 手册 (pdf)浏览这里和其他地方，我没有看到任何对相同 SMART 属性的引用。显然，我不太喜欢驱动器报告即将发生故障，但我很难理解具体问题是什么。
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.5.11-8-pve] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: HUH721010ALE601
Serial Number: 7PKPR6KC
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 251f425af
Firmware Version: LHGL0003
User Capacity: 10,000,831,348,736 bytes [10.0 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sat Feb 3 11:10:56 2024 MST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 73) The previous self-test completed having
a test element that failed and the test
element that failed is not known.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 93) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 133 133 054 Pre-fail Offline - 100
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 175 175 024 Pre-fail Always - 315 (Average 437)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 197
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 128 128 020 Pre-fail Offline - 18
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 34111
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 41
22 Unknown_Attribute 0x0023 100 100 025 Pre-fail Always - 100
45 Unknown_Attribute 0x0023 001 001 001 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 16711680
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 678
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 678
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 150 150 000 Old_age Always - 40 (Min/Max 21/55)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
231 Temperature_Celsius 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3956502114338
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3609383775396
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed: unknown failure 90% 34111 0
# 2 Vendor (0x70) Completed without error 00% 33962 -
# 3 Vendor (0x71) Completed without error 00% 33962 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
答案1
这些“Unknown_Attribute”没有记录，这就是为什么它们被这样标记。
对于属性 22，我在 Wikipedia 中找到了文档 自我监测、分析和报告技术（SMART，通常写作SMART）：
22 当前氦气水平
特定于 HGST 的 He8 驱动器。此值测量特定于此制造商的驱动器内部的氦气。这是一个预故障属性，一旦驱动器检测到内部环境超出规格，就会触发。
Backblaze 帖子 SMART 22 是一种气体，气体，气体 HGST Ultrastar He8 硬盘也有类似信息：
用红色突出显示的属性是 SMART 22，我们以前从未见过。我们研究了这个“Unknown_Attribute”，但在网上找不到任何东西，所以我们询问了 HGST 的工作人员。他们回复说，属性 22 是驱动器中氦气的状态。这是一个预故障属性，一旦驱动器检测到内部环境不符合规格，就会触发。他们没有分享给定驱动器中的氦气量或与氦气量相关的“触发点”，尽管列出了标准化阈值“25”。
由于 Backblaze 的属性值与您的相同，我认为您可以忽略此警告。
对于属性 45，我根本找不到任何文档。但是，您所有的关键 SMART 属性都有完美的值，所以我也会忽略这个。
我的结论是您的磁盘状况良好，但对于任何磁盘来说，密切关注 SMART 属性都是一个好主意，以确保万无一失。