上周，我将 1TB 硬盘换成了闲置的 2TB 硬盘。现在我的dmesg输出结果如下。
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x20000 SErr 0x2c0100 action 0x6 frozen
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5: SError: { UnrecovData CommWake 10B8B BadCRC }
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5.00: cmd 60/00:88:00:cb:b6/01:00:33:00:00/40 tag 17 ncq dma 131072 in
res 40/00:8c:00:cb:b6/00:00:33:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:48 2024] ata5: hard resetting link
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] ata5: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] ata5.00: ATA Identify Device Log not supported
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] ata5.00: ATA Identify Device Log not supported
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#17 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#17 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#17 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#17 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 33 b6 cb 00 00 01 00 00
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 867617536 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 3 prio class 0
[Fri Feb 16 16:15:49 2024] ata5: EH complete
自上次重启以来，该消息仅出现过两次，并且两次都是连续的。
以下是“smartctl -a /dev/sdc”的输出
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-94-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Black
Device Model: WDC WD2002FAEX-007BA0
Serial Number: WD-WCAY01480310
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25db1f3a6
Firmware Version: 05.01D05
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Mon Feb 19 16:34:38 2024 EST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (30900) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 314) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x3037) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 253 253 021 Pre-fail Always - 7025
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 881
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 062 061 000 Old_age Always - 28303
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 84
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 63
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 817
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 110 104 000 Old_age Always - 42
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
我应该担心吗？（为什么它只能以 3Gb/s 的速度运行？）
答案1
感谢 @sawdust 评论中提供的信息，我能够确定问题出在性能不佳的 SATA 电缆上。更换电缆解决了问题，错误也消失了。