急需帮助！我最近不得不对运行 Debian 12 的机器进行硬重置（关闭电源），X11 无法启动。输入密码后，屏幕变黑。什么都没有。不过我有时能看到光标（不是鼠标）。我尝试过启动到 KDE（首选），也尝试过启动到 GNOME（我都有）。Wayland 不可用。有趣的是，XScreensaver 仍然有效。
切换到其中一个控制台 (TTY)，我无法在日志中找到任何信息来表明它出了什么问题。除了视频驱动程序（NVIDIA 专有）。
笔记：
- 没有
xorg.conf文件。 - 安全启动已打开。
Xorg 日志（尾部）：
$ tail /var/logs/Xorg.0.log.old
[ 16039.960] (II) systemd-logind: releasing fd for 13:75
[ 16039.997] (II) UnloadModule: "libinput"
[ 16039.997] (II) systemd-logind: releasing fd for 13:68
[ 16040.025] (WW) NVIDIA(G0): Failed to set the display configuration
[ 16040.025] (WW) NVIDIA(G0): - Setting a mode on head 0 failed: Insufficient permissions
[ 16040.025] (WW) NVIDIA(G0): - Setting a mode on head 1 failed: Insufficient permissions
[ 16040.025] (WW) NVIDIA(G0): - Setting a mode on head 2 failed: Insufficient permissions
[ 16040.025] (WW) NVIDIA(G0): - Setting a mode on head 3 failed: Insufficient permissions
[ 16040.032] (II) NVIDIA(GPU-0): Deleting GPU-0
[ 16040.035] (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file.
这些“头”是什么？
稍微更新一点的日志：
$ tail /var/logs/Xorg.0.log
[ 16063.397] (WW) Hotplugging is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled.
[ 16063.397] (WW) Disabling Mouse0
[ 16063.397] (WW) Disabling Keyboard0
[ 16063.404] (II) intel(0): Using Kernel Mode Setting driver: i915, version 1.6.0 20201103
[ 16063.404] (II) intel(0): SNA compiled: xserver-xorg-video-intel 2:2.99.917+git20210115-1 (Timo Aaltonen <[email protected]>)
[ 16063.404] (II) intel(0): SNA compiled for use with valgrind
[ 16063.406] (EE) [drm] Failed to open DRM device for pci:0000:01:00.0: -2
[ 16063.406] Number of created screens does not match number of detected devices.
Configuration failed.
[ 16063.406] (EE) Server terminated with error (2). Closing log file.
想法：可能是因为我没有连接外接显示器而发出抱怨？
启动日志（头部）：
$ head -n 30 /var/logs/boot.log
------------ Thu Apr 11 23:50:31 EDT 2024 ------------
/dev/nvme0n1p5: recovering journal
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 63713301 (uid=0, gid=0, mode=0100644, size=295613)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 63713252 (uid=0, gid=0, mode=0100644, size=49748)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 63713292 (uid=0, gid=0, mode=0100755, size=952824)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 63809991 (uid=0, gid=0, mode=0100644, size=291232)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 63713253 (uid=0, gid=0, mode=0100644, size=49636)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632338 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632337 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=38791)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632336 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=4148)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632333 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=5450107)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632330 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632329 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632328 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632327 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632326 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: Clearing orphaned inode 40632324 (uid=1000, gid=64055, mode=0100600, size=0)
/dev/nvme0n1p5: clean, 543049/67051520 files, 11030003/268185344 blocks
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save Random Seed.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save Random Seed.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-backlight@backlight:nvidia_wmi_ec_backlight.service - Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:nvidia_wmi_ec_backlight.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save Random Seed.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save Random Seed.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[FAILED] Failed to start systemd-rfkill.service - Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
Mounting proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount - Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
neofetch 工作时的样子：
$ neofetch
_,met$$$$$gg. [user]@[computer_name]
,g$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$P. -------------------------
,g$$P" """Y$$.". OS: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) x86_64
,$$P' `$$$. Host: PD5x_7xSNC_SND_SNE
',$$P ,ggs. `$$b: Kernel: 6.1.0-18-amd64
`d$$' ,$P"' . $$$ Uptime: 1 hour, 30 mins
$$P d$' , $$P Packages: 3594 (dpkg)
$$: $$. - ,d$$' Shell: bash 5.2.15
$$; Y$b._ _,d$P' Resolution: 1920x1080
Y$$. `.`"Y$$$$P"' DE: Plasma 5.27.5
`$$b "-.__ WM: KWin
`Y$$ Theme: [Plasma], Breeze [GTK2/3]
`Y$$. Icons: [Plasma], breeze [GTK2/3]
`$$b. Terminal: konsole
`Y$$b. CPU: Intel i9-14900HX (32) @ 2.200GHz
`"Y$b._ GPU: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Max-Q / Mobile
`""" GPU: Intel Raptor Lake-S UHD Graphics
Memory: 3546MiB / 64000MiB
还需要其他信息吗？
答案1
检查日志后/var/lib/dkms/nvidia-current/525.147.05/build/make.log，我发现在实际路径中使用冒号并不太受欢迎，尽管 Linux 允许这样做。
我已将/home和符号链接/var到安装在 的驱动器分区/mnt/F:，实际路径分别为/mnt/F:/hone和/mnt/F:/var。我删除了冒号，现在一切似乎都运行良好，功能齐全。